119. Lecidea ] 33. LECIDEACEAE 199 



middle-sized, 0.4-0.9 mm. across, sessile, the disk light yellowish brown and black- 

 ening, the exciple thin, black, transversely striated, finally disappearing; hypothe- 

 cium blackish brown; spores ovoid, 12-16 X 6-8/*. 

 On trees, Florida and Louisiana. 



31. Lecidea turgidula E. Fries, Sched. Crit. Lich. Exsicc. Suec. fasc. 1. 10. 1827. 

 Biatora turgidula (E. Fries) Nyl. 



Thallus granulose, greenish gray to whitish, the granules commonly inconspicu- 

 ous, irregular, usually more or less scattered, forming a very thin, subareolate or 

 subcontinuous, sometimes disappearing crust; apothecia minute to small, 0.2-0.8 

 mm. across, sessile, the disk flat to strongly convex, pale brownish to black, some- 

 times slightly white-pruinose, the exciple soon disappearing; hypothecium brown; 

 spores oblong to ellipsoid, 7-12 X 3-5 li. 



On trees and old wood, throughout the United States. 



32. Lecidea russula Ach., Meth. Lich. 61. 1803. 

 Biatora russula (Ach.) Mont. 



Thallus thin, smoothish to chinky-areolate, becoming wrinkled and granulose, 

 greenish ashy to pale cream-colored, more or less limited by a dark hypothallus; 

 apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.5-1.5 mm. across, sessile, the disk slightly con- 

 cave to convex, becoming flexuous and lobed, bright or dull red, the exciple of same 

 color or lighter, thin, finally disappearing; hypothecium yellow to reddish; spores 

 oblong-ellipsoid, 8-12 X 3-4 fi. 



On trees, from New York to Florida, and westward to the Rocky Mountains. 



33. Lecidea hypomela Nyl, Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherb. 5:121. 1857. 

 Biatora hypomela (Nyl.) Tuck. 



Thallus continuous, becoming roughened and minutely chinky-areolate or granu- 

 lose, greenish gray to ashy or brownish; apothecia middle-sized, 0.5-1.2 mm. across, 

 adnate, the disk flattish, finally convex and proliferous, bright to dark brownish or 

 black, the exciple thick, blackening; hypothecium brownish black; spores ovoid- 

 ellipsoid, 10-18 X 5-9 ix. 



On trees, from Florida to Texas. 



34. Lecidea sanguineoatra (Wulf.) Ach., Meth. Lich. 50. 1803. 



Lichen sanguineoatra Wulf., in Jacq., Coll. Bot. 3:116. 1789. Biatora sanguin- 

 eoatra (Wulf.) Tuck. L. fusca var. atrofusca (E. Fries) T. Fries. 



Thallus thickish, widespread, granulose, the granules irregular or subhemispheri- 

 cal, usually closely aggregated and heaped, greenish gray to ashy gray; apothecia 

 small to middle-sized, 0.4-1.2 mm. across, adnate, usually scattered, the disk flat- 

 tish, becoming strongly convex, dark rusty brown through sanguineous and finally 

 black, the exciple thin, black, finally disappearing; hypothecium brown; spores 

 ellipsoid varying toward fusiform, 9-20 X 3.5-6 p. 



On dead moss, especially at bases of trees, on soil, and rarely on wood, through- 

 out the United States. 



35. Lecidea flavidolivens (Tuck.) Fink, Cont. U.S. Nat. Herb. 14 1 :76. 1910. 

 Biatora flavidolivens Tuck., Syn. N. A. Lich. 2:28. 1888. 



Thallus granulose, greenish to yellowish brown, the minute, irregular, usually 

 crowded and heaped granules forming a commonly widespread, continuous or 

 somewhat scattered crust; apothecia minute, 0.2-0.3 mm. across, immersed to ad- 

 nate, the disk flat to convex, olive-green to black, the exciple pale, soon disappear- 

 ing; hypothecium brownish to brown; spores rarely 1-septate, 7-14 X 3-4 [i. 



On cedar stumps, Minnesota, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts. 



36. Lecidea uliginosa (Schrad.) Ach., Meth. Lich. 43. 1803. 



Lichen uliginosus Schrad., Spic. Fl. Germ. 88. 1794. Biatora uliginosa (Schrad.) 



E. Fries. L. idiginosa var. fuliginea (Ach.) Link. 

 Thallus granulose, olive-green to blackish brown, or the minute, irregular, rarely 

 coralloid granules forming a scattered or continuous crust; apothecia minute to 



