119. Lecidea] 33. LECIDEACEAE 207 



On rocks, New England, West Virginia, Minnesota, Wyoming, Idaho, Washing- 

 ton, and California. 



79. Lecidea cinereoatra Ach., Lich. Univ. 167. 1810. 



Thallus usually thin, at first smooth, then warty or chinky to subareolate, 

 whitish to greenish gray, the black hypothallus usually absent; apothecia small, 

 0.2-1 mm. across, partly immersed to adnate, the disk concave to slightly convex, 

 black, often grayish pruinose, the exciple of the same color, raised; hypothecium 

 brownish black; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 12-17 X 6-9 /x. 



On sandstone, Ohio. 



SO. Lecidea lapicida Ach., Meth. Lich. 37. 1803. 



Lichen lapicida Ach., Lich. Prod. 61. 1798. L. lapicida f. oxydata Rabh. L. silacea 

 Ach. 



Thallus widespread, rather thin, verrucose-areolate, roughened, greenish gray to 

 ashy, varying toward rust-red, a black hypothallus sometimes present; apothecia 

 small to middle-sized, 0.3-1 mm. across, partly immersed to adnate, sometimes 

 clustered, the disk flat to convex and irregular, black, the exciple also black, 

 raised, becoming strongly flexuous, often finally disappearing; hypothecium dark 

 brown; spores short-ellipsoid, 8-12 X 4-7 /x. 



On rocks, Maine, Minnesota, South Dakota, and southern California. 



81. Lecidea vorticosa (Floerke) Koerb., Syst. Lich. 251,252. 1855. 



L. sabuletorum var. vorticosa Floerke, Ges. Naturf. Freund. Mag. 2:311. 1808. 



Thallus thin, granulose to chinky-areolate, ashy to whitish, the granules crowded 

 and heaped, or scattered, sometimes disappearing; apothecia minute to middle- 

 sized, 0.3-0.8 mm. across, subsessile, often closely crowded, irregular and con- 

 fluent in heaps, the disk flattish, very black, the exciple also black, thick, prominent, 

 becoming flexuous and lobed, rarely disappearing; hypothecium brownish black; 

 spores linear-ellipsoid, 9-13 X 4-5 /x. 



On sandstone, Arizona. 



82. Lecidea auriculata T. Fries, Nov. Act. Soc. Sci. Ups. III. 3:313. 1861. 

 L. diducens Nyl. L. auriculata f . paupera T. Fries. 



Thallus chinky-areolate to warty, whitish to brownish, or sometimes disappear- 

 ing; apothecia middle-sized to large, 0.6-1.4 mm. across, adnate, the disk flat to 

 convex, often becoming finally lobed, or variously irregular, black, the exciple 

 of the same color, slightly raised, finally disappearing; hypothecium brown; spores 

 6-12 X 2.5-4 [i. 



On rocks, mountains of New Hampshire, Nevada, and California. 



83. Lecidea goniophila (Floerke) Schaer., Enum. Lich. Eur. 127. 1850. 

 L.immersa var. goniophila Floerke, Ges. Naturf. Freund. Mag. 3:311. 1809. 



L. elaechroma var. pilularis (Dav.) T. Fries. L. enteroleuca var. pilularis 

 (Dav.) T. Fries. L. pungens (Koerb.) Nyl. 

 Thallus thin, greenish gray to ashy or whitish, verrucose or areolate-verrucose, 

 becoming granulose, scattered and disappearing; apothecia small to middle-sized, 

 0.2-0.8 mm. across, adnate, the disk concave, becoming flat or slightly convex, 

 black, the exciple also black, thickish, raised, finally disappearing; hypothecium 

 dark brown; spores ovoid-ellipsoid to ellipsoid, 10-14 X 6-10 xx. 

 On rocks, Maine, Minnesota, Utah, and California. 



84. Lecidea neglecta Nyl., Not. Sallsk. Faun. Flor. Fenn. 1:233. 1859. 

 Thallus thin, rough, composed of minute, whitish to ashy white, subconfluent 



granules; apothecia minute, 0.15-0.25 mm. across, adnate, the disk flat, brownish 

 black to black, the exciple rather thick, finally disappearing; hypothecium brownish 

 to brown; spores oblong to fusiform-oblong, 8-11 X 3-4 xx. 



On rocks and mosses over rocks, New Hampshire and Massachusetts. Speci- 

 mens seen were infertile but agree with European material. 



