123. Catillaria] 33. LECIDEACEAE 217 



5. Nesolechia cladoniscum (Willey) Fink n. comb. 



Biatora cladoniscum Willey, Enum. Lich. New Bedford, Mass. 22. 1892. 



Thallus within the lichen host and invisible; apothecia minute, 0.1-0.2 mm. 

 across, adnate, often clustered, the disk convex, becoming black, the exciple in- 

 conspicuous, soon disappearing; hypothecium hyaline to brownish; spores ellipsoid, 

 9-12 X 3-4.5 ix. 



On Cladonia Papillaria, near New Bedford, Massachusetts. 



122. Mycoblastus Norm., Nyt Mag. Naturv. 7:24. 1853. 



Thallus crustose, rough, wrinkled and warty, rudimentary, devoid of differen- 

 tiation into layers and attached to the substratum by hyphal rhizoids; apothecia 

 middle-sized to large, adnate or sessile, the disk more or less convex, usually 

 black, the exciple soon disappearing; hypothecium hyaline to reddish or brown; 

 hymenium hyaline to brownish; paraphyses unbranched; asci clavate; spores 1 or 

 rarely 2, hyaline, large, non-septate, with thick wall. 



The algal host is Protococcus. 

 A. Apothecia with red coloration; hypothecium 



resting upon a blood-red layer 1. M. sanguinarius 



A. Apothecia without red coloration; hypothecium 



resting upon a hyaline layer 1. M. sanguinarius alpinus 



1. Mycoblastus sanguinarius (L.) Norm., Nyt Mag. Naturv. 7:237. 1853. 



Lichen sanguinarium L., Sp. PI. 1140. 1753. Lecidea sanguinaria (L.) Ach. 

 Megalospora sanguinaria (L.) Mass. Heterothecium sanguinarium (L.) 

 Tuck. 



Thallus of flattened, greenish gray to ashy granules, commonly running to- 

 gether into a rough, wrinkled to verrucose or chinky, somewhat polished crust; 

 apothecia middle-sized to large, 1-3 mm. across, adnate, sometimes clustered and 

 irregular, the disk usually convex, black and more or less shining, the exciple pale 

 to reddish or darkening, soon disappearing; hypothecium hyaline above, usually 

 reddish below, resting upon a blood-red layer; spores oblong-ellipsoid, hyaline or 

 slightly tinged, 56-90 X 22-46 (i. (Plate 18.) 



On trees, throughout the northern United States. 



var. alpinus (E. Fries) Stein, in Cohn, Krypt. Fl. 2:256. 1879. 

 Lecidea sanguinarius var. alpina E. Fries, Lich. Eur. 335. 1831. Megalospora 

 sanguinaria var. affinis (Schaer.) Krempelh. Heterothecium sanguinarium 

 var. affine (Schaer.) Tuck. 

 Apothecia without red coloration ; hypothecium hyaline, resting upon a hyaline 

 layer. 



On trees and old wood, Minnesota (probably much more widely distributed). 



123. Catillaria T. Fries, Lich. Scand. 1:563. 1874. 



Thallus crustose, granulose, chinky, warty, or areolate, rudimentary, devoid 

 of differentiation into layers and attached to the substratum by hyphal rhizoids; 

 apothecia minute to middle-sized or rarely large, somewhat immersed to adnate 

 or sessile, the disk flat to more or less convex, yellowish flesh-colored to brown 

 or black, the exciple usually colored like the disk, often disappearing; hypothecium 

 hyaline to brown; hymenium hyaline to brownish; paraphyses unbranched; asci 

 usually clavate; spores 8, hyaline, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid or fusiform, 1 -septate 

 or rarely non-septate. 



The algal host is Protococcus. 



A. Parasitic on other lichens 7. C. Herrii 



A. Not parasitic on other lichens 

 B. On rocks and soil 



C. Apothecia not more than 0.2 mm. across 



D. Spores 7-12 X 2-3 fi 3. C. fiavens 



D. Spores 14-18 X 3. 5-5. 3 /* 2. C.terrena 



