232 33. LECIDEACEAE [ 127. Toninia 



28. Bacidia suffusa (E. Fries) Schneid., Guide Study Lich. 110. 1898. 

 Biatora suffusa E. Fries, Syst. Orb. Veg. 285. 1825. B. juscorubella var. suffusa 



(E. Fries) Fink. 



Thallus granulose, becoming wrinkled and chinky, greenish gray to ashy, 

 hypothallus finally blackening; apothecia middle-sized to large, 1.5-2.5 mm. across, 

 the disk flat to convex, reddish brown and finally blackening, white-pruinose at 

 the margin or throughout, the exciple thick, usually white-pruinose, often trans- 

 versely striate, disappearing; hypothecium finally dark; spores 5-11-septate, 40-70 

 X 2.5-3.5 /i. 



On trees, from New England to New Jersey, and westward to Texas and Iowa. 



29. Bacidia dryina (Ach.) Fink n. comb. 



Lecidea dryina Ach., Meth. Lich. 34. 1803. Biatora dryina (Ach.) Tuck. 



Thallus very thin, slightly rough and scurfy or mealy, ashy white to white; 

 apothecia minute to small, 0.3-0.6 mm. across, sometimes angular, the disk flat 

 to slightly convex, black, often finely roughened, the exciple also black, thin, 

 sometimes finally disappearing; hypothecium brownish to dark brown; spores 

 15-29-septate, 46-76 X 2.5-4/1. 



On trees and old wood, Washington and California. 



30. Bacidia flavovirescens (Dicks.) Anzi, Cat. Lich. Sondr. 71. 1860. 



Lichen flavovirescens Dicks., PI. Crypt. Brit. 3:13. pi. 8, f. 9. 1793. Lecidea 



flavovirescens (Dicks.) Vainio. 

 Thallus thin, widespread, greenish yellow, finely granulose to powdery, absent 

 when parasitic; apothecia minute to small, 0.2-0.6 mm. across, sessile, sometimes 

 clustered, the disk concave to flat, black, the exciple thick, black; hypothecium 

 brownish black; spores several-many-septate, 35-85 X 3-4 /i. 



On soil, rocks, and other lichens; on Baeomyces byssoidea,, White Mountains, 

 New Hampshire. 



OTHER SPECIES REPORTED 



Bacidia ioessa Herre — California. 



Bacidia Kingmani Hasse — Southern California. 



127. Toninia Mass., Ric. Lich. 107. f. 212-214. 1852. 



Thallus crustose to squamulose, or subareolate, differentiated into a thin, more 

 or less gelatinized, indistinctly cellular upper cortex, more or less distinct algal and 

 medullary layers, attached to the substratum by hyphal rhizoids; apothecia small 

 to middle-sized or large, adnate or sessile, the disk flat to more or less convex, 

 usually black, the exciple colored like the disk, usually disappearing; hypothecium 

 hyaline to dark brown; hymenium hyaline to brownish; paraphyses unbranched, 

 often coherent; asci clavate or cylindrico-clavate ; spores 8, hyaline, ellipsoid to 

 oblong or fusiform, 1-7- or rarely more-septate. 



The algal host is Pleurococcus. 



A. Spores 1-septate 



B. Spores not more than 15^ in length 5. T. massata 



B. Spores commonly more than 15^ in length 

 C. Thallus greenish gray to olive-brown or 



darker, usually whitish pruinose 4. T. caeruleonigricans 



C. Thallus whitish to white, powdery 7. T. Candida 



A. Spores more than 1-septate 

 B. Spores 3-septate 



C. On mosses over rocks 8. T. aromatica 



C. On soil and rocks 



D. Apothecia minute, 0.08-0.3 mm. across 3. T. cumulata 



D. Apothecia larger, 1.2-3 mm. across 2. T. ruginosa 



B. Spores 3-many-septate 



C. The disk flat to convex 1. T. squarrosa 



C. The disk deeply concave, papillate 6. T. caulescens 



