266 34. CLADONIACEAE [ 132. Cladonia 



var. prolifera (Retz.) Mass., Sched. Crit. Lich. Exsicc. no. 155. 1855. 



Lichen fimbriatus var. prolifer Retz., Fl. Scand. Prodr. 232. 1779. 



Podetia long; cups middle-sized, the margin repeatedly proliferate, usually 

 more than one proliferation from each cup, the ranks all cup-bearing, but the 

 terminal cups commonly narrowed; apothecia usually borne on the cups of the 

 higher ranks. 



On soil, Maine and Minnesota. 



var. radiata (Schreb.) E. Fries, Lich. Eur. 223. 1831. 

 Lichen radiatus Schreb., Spic. Fl. Lips. 122. 1771. CI. fimbriata var. cornu- 



toradiata Coem. pro parte. 

 Podetia commonly long, tubular or elongated top-shaped, commonly cup- 

 bearing; cups small, the margin dentate or proliferate, the ranks 2 or 3, the apices 

 horn-shaped, awl-shaped, or rarely and imperfectly cup-bearing; apothecia sessile 

 or shortly stalked on the margins of the cups. 



On soil and old wood, throughout the United States. 



var. subulata (L.) Vainio, Act. Soc. Faun. Flor. Fenn. 10:282. 1894. 

 Lichen subulatus L., Sp. PI. 1153. 1753. CI. fimbriata I. jurcellata (Hoffm.) 

 Sandst. CI. fimbriata f. clavata (Arnold) Hasse. CI. fimbriata var. cornn- 

 toradiata Coem. pro parte. 

 Podetia much elongated, usually cupless, rarely and variously branched, erect, 

 and straight or flexuous toward the horn-shaped or awl-shaped apex; apothecia at 

 the apices of the podetia, rather rare. 



On soil, especially over rocks, Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, Minne- 

 sota, and California. 



var. nemoxyna (Ach.) Vainio, Act. Soc. Faun. Flor. Fenn. 10:295. 1894. 

 Baeomyces radiata var. nemoxyna Ach., Meth. Lich. 342. 1803. CI. fimbriata 



f. fibula (Hoffm.) Ach. 

 Podetia becoming very long, cylindrical, cup-bearing, 2- or 3 -ranked from the 

 margins of the cups, the sterile apices abortively cup-bearing, horn-shaped, or 

 awl-shaped, erect, suberect, or flexuous; apothecia sessile on the margins of the 

 cups or on short pedicels. 



On soil, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Minnesota. 



var. coniocraea (Floerke) Vainio, Act. Soc. Faun. Flor. Fenn. 10:308. 1894. 



Cenomyce coniocraea Floerke, Deutsch. Lich. part 7. 11. 1821. CI. coniocraea 



f. tubaejormis (Hoffm.) E. Fries. CI. ochrochlora f. ceratodes Floerke. 



CI. fimbriata i. apolepta (Ach.) Vainio. CI. fimbriata f. ceratodes Floerke. 



Podetia rather short, cupless and cylindrical, sometimes abortively cup-bearing, 



rarely short-branched toward the apex, commonly straight and erect; cups rare 



and small, the margin usually entire. (Plate 20 b.) 



On old and rotting wood, throughout the United States. 



var. ochrochlora (Floerke) Vainio, Act. Soc. Faun. Flor. Fenn. 10:319-22. 

 1894. 

 CI. ochrochlora Floerke, Clad. Comm. 75. 1828. 



Podetia often hollow, the sides sometimes more or less fissured, greenish gray 

 to whitish or olive-green; cups narrow and abortive, commonly irregular. 

 On old wood, New England, Florida, California, and Washington. 



58. Cladonia pityrea (Floerke) E. Fries, Sched. Crit. Lich. Exsicc. Suec. fasc. 8. 

 21. 1826. 

 Capitularia pityrea Floerke, Ges. Naturf. Freund. Mag. 2:15. 1808. CI. pityrea 



f. cladomorpha Floerke. 

 Primary thallus disappearing, when present composed of subdigitate, laciniate, 

 or crenate, inward-rolled, concave or flat, ascending, clustered or scattered, green- 

 ish gray to green squamules; white below; podetia arising from the primary 

 thallus, subcylindrical to top-shaped, and often hollow, scattered or clustered in 

 small clumps, usually erect, more or less irregularly branched, the cortex sub- 



