133. Stereocaulon] 34. CLADONIACEAE 269 



shaped, hollow, commonly branched, the apices terminated by cups or apothecia, 

 aggregate or subsolitary, erect, colored like the primary thallus, lower part wholly 

 or partly corticate, the cortex areolate or rarely subcontinuous, sorediate above; 

 cups small to middle-sized, abruptly dilated, the margin entire to lobate or repeat- 

 edly proliferate; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.5-1.5 mm. across, solitary or 

 clustered, the disk flat to convex, flesh-colored to livid and rarely brick-red. 

 On old wood, Oregon and Washington. 



OTHER SPECIES REPORTED 



Cladonia Blakei Robbins — Washington, D.C. 

 Cladonia botryocarpa Merrill — Florida. 

 Cladonia caespiticia f. plumosa Ach. — Maine. 

 Cladonia cetrarioides Schwein. — North America. 

 Cladonia chlorophaea f. prolifera (Arn.) Herre — California. 

 Cladonia digitata var. monstrosa (Ach.) Vainio — New Mexico. 

 Cladonia endoxantha Vainio — Florida. 



Cladonia fimbriata var. Balfourii (Cromb.) Vainio — New Hampshire, South Caro- 

 lina, Georgia, and Florida. 

 Cladonia Floerkeana var. intermedia Hepp. — Florida. 

 Cladonia heteromorpha Merrill — North Carolina. 

 Cladonia hypoxantha Tuck. — Maryland and Florida. 

 Cladonia mitis f. prostrata Sandst. — Massachusetts. 

 Cladonia mitrula f. dissectula Merrill — Florida. 

 Cladonia pachycladodes Vainio — Florida. 

 Cladonia papillaria var. stipata (Floerke) Merrill — Maine. 

 Cladonia squamosa f. murina Scriba — New Hampshire. 

 Cladonia stenophyllodes Vainio — Florida. 

 Cladonia uncialis f. turgescens Del. — Massachusetts. 



133. Stereocaulon Schreb., Gen. PL 2:768. 1791. 



Primary thallus crustose, granulose, warty, rudimentary, devoid of differenti- 

 ation into layers, soon disappearing; podetia arising from the primary thallus, much 

 branched, twisted and irregular, solid, decorticate, the central portion composed 

 of closely interwoven, longitudinally extending hyphae, "the medullary layer of 

 tangled hyphae, surrounded by the irregular, warty, algal layer of loosely inter- 

 woven hyphae; apothecia small to middle-sized, lateral or terminal, the disk flat 

 to convex, reddish brown to brown or black, the exciple colored like the disk, 

 soon disappearing; hypothecium hyaline; hymenium hyaline or brownish to brown 

 above; paraphyses unbranched; asci clavate; spores commonly 8, hyaline, fusi- 

 form to acicular, 3- rarely 7-septate. 



The algal host is Protococcus. 



A. Branches of podetia smooth and naked below 

 B. Squamules passing into minute granules 

 C. More or less squamulose above 



D. Squamules grayish white to brownish 8. S. denudatum 



D. Squamules greenish gray to ashy or chalky white . . . 3. S. albicans 



C. Densely squamulose above 7. S. alpinum botryosum 



B. Squamules passing into tiny coralloid branchlets 4. S. coralloides 



A. Branches of podetia not always smooth and naked below 

 B. Podetia more or less tomentose 

 C. Branches thinly tomentose 



D. Branches more or less squamulose 



E. Podetia much branched, densely clustered . . . . S. S. paschale 



E. Podetia becoming branched, clustered 7. S. alpinum 



D. Branches densely squamulose 1. S. condensatum 



C. Branches densely tomentose 



D. Podetia moderately long, squamules densely crowded 



above, few below 6. S. tomentosum 



