270 34. CLADONIACEAE [133. Stereocaulon 



D. Podetia elongated, squamules more or less 



scattered 6. S. tomentosum simplex 



B. Podetia densely sorediate at the tips 2. S. pileatum 



1. Stereocaulon condensatum Hoffm., Deutschl. Fl. 130. 1796. 



Podetia very short, stout, sparingly branched, the branches sometimes thinly 

 tomentose, densely squamulose, the squamules small, ashy gray to brownish or 

 whitish, conglomerate, passing into minute, blunt branchlets; apothecia small to 

 middle-sized, 0.6-2 mm. across, terminal, clustered, the disk flat to convex, rough, 

 brownish to dark reddish brown; spores acicular, 3-septate, 20-36 X 1.5-3 ft. 



On soil, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Connecticut. 



2. Stereocaulon pileatum Ach., Lich. Univ. 582. 1810. 



Podetia very short, erect, slender, sparingly branched, squamulose, the tips 

 densely sorediate, the squamules small, ashy to gray, more or less scattered, pass- 

 ing into minute coralloid granules; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.6-2 mm. 

 across, terminal, the disk flat to slightly convex, reddish brown to brown; spores 

 acicular, 3-septate, 18-30 X 3-4.5 /i. 



On soil, New England and New York. 



3. Stereocaulon albicans T. Fries, Ster. Pil. Comm. 36. 1857. 

 S. nanum Tuck. S. nanodes Tuck. S. tenellum Tuck. 



Podetia short, slender, clustered to conglomerate, branched, the branches 

 slender, more or less entangled, smooth and sometimes blackening below, more or 

 less squamulose above, the squamules greenish gray to ashy or chalky white, pass- 

 ing into powdery granules; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.6-1.2 mm. across, 

 terminal, the disk flat to convex, reddish brown; spores acicular, 3-septate, 

 24-41 X 2.5-3 fi. 



On rocks and soil, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Colorado, Arizona, Cali- 

 fornia, and Washington. 



4. Stereocaulon coralloides E. Fries, Lich. Exsicc. no. 118. 1817. 



Podetia short to moderately long, stout, solitary or clustered, erect or ascending, 

 much branched, the branches smooth below, squamulose above, the squamules 

 more or less scattered, greenish gray to ashy, passing into numerous, tiny, crowded, 

 coralloid branchlets; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.5-2 mm. across, lateral or 

 terminal, rarely clustered, the disk flat to convex, reddish brown to brownish black, 

 smooth to slightly rough; spores acicular, 3- rarely 5-7-septate, 22-40 X 2.5-4 \x. 

 (Plate 24.) 



On soil, New England, New York, North Carolina, and South Carolina. 



5. Stereocaulon paschale (L.) Hoffm., Deutschl. Fl. 130, 131. 1796. 



Lichen paschale L., Sp. PI. 1153. 1753. S. paschale var. conglomeratum E. 

 Fries. 



Podetia short to moderately long, erect or ascending, slender to stout, more or 

 less densely clustered, much branched, the branches rarely somewhat tomentose, 

 more or less bare below, squamulose above, the squamules greenish gray to ashy 

 white, minutely granulose, passing into short, crenate branchlets; apothecia small 

 to middle-sized, 0.7-2 mm. across, terminal or lateral, often clustered, the disk 

 flat to convex, reddish brown to brownish black, the exciple thin, brownish to 

 brown, soon disappearing; spores acicular, 3-septate, 18-40 X 2.5-4.5 \x. 



On soil and rocks, throughout northern United States. 



6. Stereocaulon tomentosum E. Fries, Sched. Crit. fasc. 3. 20. 1824. 

 Podetia moderately long, stout, usually cylindrical, erect or ascending, densely 



whitish tomentose, branched, the branches much divided above, squamulose, the 

 squamules greenish gray to ashy white, few below, densely crowded above, passing 

 into many blunt, crenate branchlets; apothecia small, 0.6—1 mm. across, subter- 

 minal or lateral, more or less clustered, the disk flat to convex, brownish to brown, 



