306 38. LECANORACEAE [ 142. Lecanora 



exciple thick, colored like the thallus, becoming flexuous; spores ovoid-ellipsoid, 

 9-15 X 5-7.5 fx. 



On rocks, Montana, Utah, Nevada, and California. 



50. Lecanora intricata Ach., Lich. Univ. 380. 1810. 

 L. varia var. intricata (Ach.) Nyl. 



Thallus moderately thick, areolate, the areoles sometimes chinky, often scat- 

 tered and obscurely lobed, greenish gray to whitish or yellowish, upon a more or 

 less visible blackish hypothallus; apothecia minute to small, 0.3-0.8 mm. across, 

 partly immersed to adnate, 1-several on each areole, the disk flat to slightly con- 

 vex, olive-brown to blackish, the exciple prominent, colored like the thallus; spores 

 oblong-ellipsoid to ellipsoid, 10-13 X 4.5-6.5 jx. 



On rocks, mountains of New Hampshire. 



51. Lecanora melanaspis Ach., Lich. Univ. 427. 1810. 



Parmelia melanaspis Ach., Meth. Lich. 196. 1803. L. alphoplaca var. melanaspis 

 (Ach.) Nyl. 



Thallus thick, becoming warty, chinky or subareolate, or subfoliose, and show- 

 ing linear, branched, or more or less imbricated lobes, ashy to whitish or brownish; 

 apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.8-2 mm. across, adnate to subsessile, the disk 

 flat to more or less convex, dark brown to blackish and rarely pruinose, the exciple 

 thin, colored like the thallus, becoming irregular, and rarely disappearing; spores 

 ellipsoid, 8-14 X 5-9 /*. 



On rocks, from Minnesota to Kansas, and westward to California and Wash- 

 ington. 



52. Lecanora glaucopsina Nyl., in Hasse, Lich. South. Calif. 12. 1898. 

 Thallus thin, pale greenish gray, areolate-squamulose, the squamules small, 



somewhat wrinkled, subimbricate, loosely attached, angular or with wavy or lobate 

 margins; apothecia minute to small, 0.3-0.8 mm. across, immersed to adnate, often 

 clustered, the disk flat, black, brick-red when wet, the exciple thin, colored like 

 the thallus, becoming subcrenulate; asci becoming saccate, the apical wall greatly 

 thickened; spores 4-10, subspherical to ovoid, 14-24 X 9-20 /a. 

 On clay, Santa Monica Range, California. 



53. Lecanora marginalis Hasse, Bryologist 13:112. 1910. 



Thallus foliose, entire or obscurely lobed, moderately thick, smooth to wrinkled 

 and warty, the circumference sometimes rolled downward, white or finely white- 

 pruinose above; tawny flesh-colored below, attached by an umbilicus; apothecia 

 small to middle-sized, 0.7-1.6 mm. across, adnate, marginal or submarginal, some- 

 times crowded and often irregular from pressure, the disk concave to flat, grayish 

 pruinose or black, the exciple thick, colored like the thallus, becoming flexuous; 

 spores ovoid-ellipsoid, 10-14 X 6.5-8.5 /a. 



On rocks, southern California. 



54. Lecanora rupicola (L.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 5:525-29. 1928. 



Lichen rupicola L., Mant. PI. 132. 1767. L. sordida (Pers.) T. Fries. L. sordida 

 var. bicincta (Ramond) T. Fries. L. glaucoma Ach. 



Thallus thin to moderately thick, greenish gray to brownish white, smooth to 

 chinky or areolate, the areoles becoming somewhat raised and irregular, often 

 subsquamulose toward the circumference; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.65-1.5 

 mm. across, partly immersed to adnate, the disk flat to convex, flesh-colored to 

 livid black, usually whitish pruinose, the exciple thin, colored like the thallus, 

 becoming flexuous and rarely disappearing; spores ellipsoid, 8-15X5.5-7.5/*. 



On rocks, throughout the northern United States, and southward on the Pacific 

 Coast. 



55. Lecanora circinata (Pers.) Ach., Lich. Univ. 425. 1810. 



Lichen circinatus Pers., Ann. Bot. Usteri 7:25. 1794. L. sub circinata Nyl. 

 Thallus thick, chinky or warty-areolate in the center, radiately and plicately 



