314 38. LECANORACEAE [ 147. Haematomma 



shining, dark blackish brown squamules, the squamules toward the circumference 

 more distinctly lobed; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.4-1 mm. across, sessile, 

 the disk slightly concave to flat, dark brown to dull black, the thalloid exciple thin, 

 becoming crenate; hypothecium hyaline; spores 8, hyaline, oblong to oblong- 

 ellipsoid, non-septate to more frequently 1-septate, 15-25 X 4.5-6 fi. 

 On rocks, southern California. 



147. Haematomma Mass., Ric. Lich. 32. f. 53, 54. 1852. 



Thallus crustose, thin to thick, smooth to wrinkled, chinky, minutely granulose 

 or powdery, with a more or less developed upper cellular cortex or a thin layer 

 of gelatinized, scarcely distinct hyphae, other layers not often differentiated, at- 

 tached to the substratum by hyphal rhizoids; apothecia minute to small or middle- 

 sized, rarely larger, adnate to sessile, the disk flat to more or less convex, brownish 

 to red or brown, the exciple thin, colored like the thallus, becoming more or less 

 irregular and sometimes disappearing; hypothecium hyaline; hymenium hyaline 

 or brownish above; paraphyses unbranched, commonly thickened and brownish 

 toward the apex; asci clavate; spores 8, hyaline, acicular, several-septate, the cells 

 cylindrical. 



The algal host is Pleurococcus. 



A. Spores 3-7-septate 



B. On trees; apothecia red to reddish brown 



C. Thallus sulphur-colored, greenish yellow or ashy .... 2. H. ventosum 

 C. Thallus greenish gray to ashy or faintly yellowish 



D. Thallus wrinkled and minutely granulose . . . . 4. H. cismonicum 

 D. Thallus chinky to densely granulose-powdery or warty 



E. Thallus thin; apothecia sessile 3. H. elatinum 



E. Thallus thick; apothecia substipitate . . 3. H. elatinum ochrophaeum 



B. On rocks; apothecia scarlet to reddish brown 5. H. coccineum 



A. Spores 7-15-septate 1. H. puniceum 



1. Haematomma puniceum (Ach.) Mass., Atti 1st. Veneto III. 5:253. 1860. 

 Lecanora pimicea Ach., Syn. Meth. Lich. 174. 1814. 



Thallus thin, chinky to wrinkled and granulose, greenish gray to pale yellowish 

 green; apothecia minute to small, 0.2-0.6 mm. across, closely sessile, the disk flat, 

 scarlet, the exciple thin, colored like the thallus, becoming flexuous and crenulate; 

 spores needle-shaped, 7-15-septate, 38-65 X 4-5 fi. 



On trees and rarely on rocks, from New Jersey to Florida, and westward to 

 Texas and Iowa. 



2. Haematomma ventosum (L.) Mass., Ric. Lich. 33. 1852. 

 Lichen ventosus L., Sp. PI. 1141. 1753. Lecanora ventosa (L.) Ach. 



Thallus thick, smooth to wrinkled and warty, becoming areolate, greenish 

 yellow to sulphur-colored, or rarely varying toward ashy; apothecia middle-sized 

 to large, 0.8-2 mm. across, adnate, the disk flat to convex, blood-red, the exciple 

 thin, colored like the thallus, rarely wrinkled-crenate, becoming flexuous and soon 

 disappearing; spores needle-shaped, 3-7-septate, curved, 35-50 X 3-5 fx. 



On trees, New England, California, and Washington. 



3. Haematomma elatinum (Ach.) Mass., Gen. Lich. 21. 1854. 

 Lecanora elatina Ach., Lich. Univ. 387. 1810. 



Thallus thin, smooth and somewhat chinky to densely granulose or powdery, 

 ashy white to faintly yellowish; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.5-1.5 mm. 

 across, sessile, the disk flat to convex and knobby, light to dark reddish brown, 

 or somewhat pruinose, the exciple thin, colored like the thallus, becoming irregular 

 and soon disappearing; spores fusiform-needle-shaped, curved, 3-5-septate, 38-55 

 X 4-5.5 ii. 



On trees, New England, New York, North Carolina, Illinois, Iowa, and Minne- 

 sota. 



