328 39. PARMELIACEAE [154. Parmelia 



26. Parmelia hypotrypodes (Nyl.) Willey, Bot. Gaz. 21:204,205. 1896. 

 P. cetrata var. hypotrypodes Nyl. in Litt. 



Thallus large, greenish gray to brownish, wrinkled and folded, the lobes round, 

 more or less crenate, or elongated into narrow, flat divisions, the margins ciliate; 

 black below with black rhizoids; apothecia large, 4-12 mm. across, sessile, per- 

 forate, the disk concave to flat, chestnut-brown to darker, the exciple thin, colored 

 like the thallus, slightly wavy; spores ellipsoid, 9-17 X 6-9 fi. 



On trees, near New Bedford, Massachusetts. 



27. Parmelia proboscidea Tayl., in Mack., Fl. Hibern. 2:143. 1836. 



Thallus middle-sized to large, loosely adnate, round, irregularly lobed, greenish 

 gray to whitish, lobes convex or flat, smooth, often imbricated, with ascending or 

 recurved, crenate and scarcely ciliate margins; black to brownish below, and 

 densely covered with rhizoids toward the center; apothecia small to middle-sized, 

 0.8-4 mm. across, sessile or subsessile, the disk deeply concave, chestnut-brown or 

 lighter, the exciple colored like the thallus, becoming wavy; spores ellipsoid, 

 12-23 X 8-12 ju.. 



On trees, Florida. 



28. Parmelia atrofusca (Schaer.) Comb., Grevill. 7:99. 1879. 



P. ceratophylla var. atrofusca Schaer., Lich. Eur. 42. 1850. P.alpicola T. Fries. 

 P. encausta var. alpicola (T. Fries) Nyl. 



Thallus middle-sized, loosely adnate, black, varying to greenish olivaceous or 

 greenish gray, the lobes very narrow, irregular and crowded, convex, often more 

 or less wrinkled and imbricated, not inflated; very black below with few fibrils; 

 apothecia middle-sized, 3-7 mm. across, sessile, the disk concave, becoming black, 

 the exciple entire; spores subspherical to ellipsoid, 7-12 X 5-9 ^. 



On alpine rocks, New Hampshire and Oregon. 



29. Parmelia sublaevigata Nyl., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. V. 7:306. 1867. 



P. tiliacea var. sublaevigata Nyl, Syn. Meth. Lich. 1:383. 1858. P.subquer- 

 ci folia Hue. 



Thallus middle-sized, adnate, greenish gray, the lobes elongated, narrow, sub- 

 pinnately branched, the margins wavy-incised; black below, densely covered with 

 black rhizoids; apothecia small to middle-sized, 3-10 mm. across, subsessile, the 

 disk deeply to slightly concave, chestnut-brown, the exciple subentire to crenate; 

 spores short-ellipsoid, 7-11 X 5-7 //,. 



On trees and rocks, Massachusetts, Louisiana, Florida, Nebraska, and Minne- 

 sota. 



30. Parmelia quercina (Willd.) Vainio, Term. Fuz. 22:279. 1899. 



Lichen quercinus Willd., Fl. Berol. Prod. 353. pi. 7, f. 13. 1787. P. tiliacea 

 (Hoffm.) Ach. P. vicinior Hue. 



Thallus closely adnate, rather small, greenish gray, commonly wrinkled, 

 especially toward the center, the lobes short and round or rarely elongated and sub- 

 dichotomously branched, the margins irregular or crenate; black below and densely 

 covered with black rhizoids; apothecia middle-sized, 4-12 mm. across, subsessile, 

 the disk slightly to deeply concave, chestnut-brown, the exciple subentire to much 

 more commonly crenate; spores short-ellipsoid, 5-11 X 4-7 /x. 



On trees, wood, and rocks, throughout the United States. 

 f. minor (Kremphl.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 6:190. 1929. 



P. tiliacea f. minor Kremphl., Reise Oest. Bot. 1:115. 1870. 



Thallus wrinkled toward the center and smooth toward the margins, the lobes 

 much shorter and narrower than in the species and the branching dichotomous and 

 finally pinnatifid. 



On trees, Louisiana and Texas. 



31. Parmelia sulphurosa (Tuck.) Fink n. comb. 



P. tiliacea var. sulphurosa Tuck., Syn. N. A. Lich. 1:57. 1882. P. quercina var. 

 sulphurosa (Tuck.) Zahlbr. 



