159. Ramalina ] 40. USNEACEAE 347 



15. Ramalina Menziesii Tuck., Syn. Lich. N. E. 12. 1848. 

 R. leptocarpha Tuck. R. Menziesii var. sorediata Tuck. 



Thallus rather rigid, pale greenish to straw-colored, the lobes tufted or pendu- 

 lous, flattened, wrinkled and obscurely pitted, channeled in the younger states, 

 later expanded above, sometimes sorediate, the tips tapering; apothecia small to 

 large, 1.5-7 mm. across, lateral and marginal, the disk concave to convex, the 

 exciple sometimes disappearing; spores oblong-ellipsoid to ellipsoid, curved, 10-17 

 X 3.5-6 p. 



On trees, shrubs, and old wood, rarely on soil, Washington, Oregon, and Cali- 

 fornia. 



16. Ramalina reticulata (Noedh.) Kremph., Gesch. Lich. 2:617. 1869. 



Lichen reticularis Noedh., in Schrad., Journ. Bot. 2:237,238. 1800. R.reti- 

 formis Menz. 



Thallus pendulous, not tufted, rather rigid, greenish gray to ashy, the lobes 

 flattened, rarely subcylindrical, longitudinally striate or furrowed, narrow or ex- 

 panded, finally perforated and extensively netted, the tips tapering; apothecia 

 small, 0.4-3 mm. across, marginal or lateral, the disk concave to convex, the exciple 

 finally disappearing; spores oblong-ellipsoid to ellipsoid, striate or slightly curved, 

 12-19X4-7/*. (Plate 40.) 



On trees and old wood, Washington, Oregon, and California. 



17. Ramalina linearis (Swartz) Ach., Lich. Univ. 598. 1810. 

 Lichen linearis Swartz, Meth. Muse. 36. pi. 2, f. 3. 1781. 



Thallus rather rigid, straw-colored, the lobes slender, flattened and sometimes 

 channeled, the tips tapering; apothecia minute to small, 0.5-2 mm. across, marginal, 

 the disk flat to convex, the exciple finally disappearing; spores ellipsoid, curved, 

 9-18 X 4-7 it. 



On trees, Florida and southern California. 



18. Ramalina complanata (Swartz) Ach., Lich. Univ. 599. 1810. 



Lichen complanatus Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 3:1911. 1806. R. denticulata (Eschw.) 

 Nyl. 



Thallus rather rigid, greenish gray to straw-colored, the lobes flattened, narrow, 

 smooth or striate, frequently furrowed, the margins papillate, sparingly branched 

 below, becoming dichotomously much-branched above, the tips subcylindrical, 

 tapering; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.8-5 mm. across, lateral, the disk 

 concave to convex, the exciple becoming crenulate; spores oblong-ellipsoid to 

 ellipsoid, curved or rarely straight, 10-18 X 4-7 it. 



On trees, Florida and Texas. 



19. Ramalina Willeyi Howe, Bryologist 17:36. 1914. 

 R. rigida (Pers.) Tuck. 



Thallus rigid, pale greenish, the lobes subcylindrical, frequently flattened below, 

 often twisted-angular, often bearing scattered wartlike elevations, dichotomously 

 branched, the tips long-tapered; apothecia middle-sized, 2-6 mm. across, mostly 

 subterminal, the disk concave to convex, the exciple becoming torn, finally dis- 

 appearing; spores oblong-ellipsoid, straight, 9-16 X 6-8 /*. 



On trees and rarely on old wood, New England, New York, New Jersey, and 

 the Gulf states. 



20. Ramalina crinita Tuck., Bull. Torr. Club 10:43. 1883. 



Thallus rigid, pale greenish gray, the lobes flattened, much expanded, striate or 

 obscurely pitted, sparingly dichotomously branched, the margins beset with stout, 

 black, branching fibrils, the tips tapering; apothecia middle-sized to large, 3-10 

 mm. across, lateral or subterminal, the disk concave, the exciple black; spores 

 oblong-ellipsoid to ellipsoid, straight, 10-20 X 5-6 /*. 



On trees, southern California. 



21. Ramalina dilacerata (Hoffm.) Vainio, Not. Syn. Lich. 21. 1886. 



Lichen dilacerata Hoffm., Deutschl. Fl. 3:140. 1795. R. pusilla Duby. R. cali- 

 caris var. minuscula (Nyl.) T. Fries. 



