348 40. USNEACEAE [ 159. Ramalina 



Thallus small, rather rigid, greenish gray to straw-colored, the lobes hollow- 

 inflated, frequently perforated, cylindrical to flattened, dichotomously branched, 

 the tips forked, tapering, pointed; apothecia small, 1-3 mm. across, terminal, the 

 disk concave to convex, the exciple finally disappearing; spores oblong-ellipsoid to 

 ellipsoid, straight or rarely curved, 10-17 X 4-7 /x. (Plate 41 b.) 



On trees, Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Minnesota, South Dakota, 

 New Mexico, Washington, and Oregon. 



22. Ramalina pollinariella Nyl., Flora 67:218. 1884. 



R. minus cnla var. pollinariella Nyl., Bull. Soc. Linn. Norm. II. 4:165. 1870. 

 R.pusilla var. geniculata (Tayl. & Hook.) Tuck. R. dilacerata var. pollinari- 

 ella Arn. 



Thallus small, rather rigid, greenish gray to straw-colored, the lobes hollow- 

 inflated, perforated, subcylindrical to flattened, much branched, the tips frequently 

 digitate, cylindrical, frequently sorediate; apothecia rare, small, 0.8-2 mm. across, 

 marginal, the disk concave, the exciple persistent; spores oblong-ellipsoid, straight 

 or rarely slightly curved, 10-17 X 4-7 fi. 



On trees, Maine, New Hampshire, Minnesota, South Dakota, Iowa, New 

 Mexico, Idaho, and Washington. 



23. Ramalina inflata Hook. & Tayl., Lond. Journ. Bot. 3:646. 1844. 



Thallus rather rigid, pale greenish gray to straw-colored, the lobes subflattened, 

 narrow, netted-veined to perforated and sievelike, dichotomously branched, the tips 

 tapering, pointed; apothecia small, 1-4 mm. across, terminal or subterminal, the 

 disk concave to convex, the exciple rarely disappearing; spores oblong-ellipsoid to 

 ellipsoid, straight, 14-18X9-11^. 



On trees, Washington, Oregon, California, and Idaho. 



24. Ramalina Montagnei De Not., Giorn. Bot. Ital. 2:218. 1846. 

 R. rigida var. Montagnei (De Not.) Tuck. 



Thallus rigid, greenish gray to straw-colored, the lobes subcylindrical to flat- 

 tened, smooth to striate, frequently bearing wartlike, sometimes sorediate eleva- 

 tions, dichotomously branched, the tips gradually tapering, pointed; apothecia 

 small, 0.8-3 mm. across, marginal, the disk concave to convex, the exciple finally 

 disappearing; spores fusiform, straight or slightly curved, 20-28 X 3-5.5 jx. 



On trees, South Carolina, Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. 



25. Ramalina stenospora Mull. Arg., Flora 60:477, 478. 1877. 



Thallus rigid, greenish gray to straw-colored, the lobes narrow, more or less 

 flattened, striate, dichotomously branched, the tips long-pointed; apothecia middle- 

 sized, 3-4 mm. across, lateral, the disk concave to finally convex, the exciple 

 becoming crenulate, sometimes disappearing; spores fusiform, straight, 18-32 X 

 3-6 /a. 



On trees, from Massachusetts to Florida, and westward to Texas and California. 



26. Ramalina usneoides (Ach.) E. Fries, Lich. Eur. 468. 1831. 



Parmelia usneoides Ach., Meth. Lich. 270. 1803. R. Usnea (L.) Howe. R. Usnea 

 var. usneoidella (Nyl.) Howe. 



Thallus pendulous, not tufted, pale greenish gray, the lobes flattened, often 

 spirally twisted, two-edged, usually longitudinally striate, much branched, the tips 

 tapering; apothecia small, 0.5-3 mm. across, marginal, the disk convex, the exciple 

 absent; spores fusiform, straight or slightly curved, 18-27 X 3-6 p.. 



On trees, Florida. 



OTHER SPECIES REPORTED 

 Ramalina bistorta Nyl. — California. 

 Ramalina cuspidata (Ach.) Nyl. — North America. 

 Ramalina flaccescens Nyl. — Southern California. 

 Ramalina scopulorum (Retz.) Ach. — North America. 

 Ramalina subfraxinea Nyl. — Massachusetts. 



