352 41. CALOPLACACEAE [164. Blastenia 



disk flat to convex, yellowish to reddish brown, the exciple thin, colored like the 

 disk, soon disappearing; spores ellipsoid or short-ellipsoid, 8-14 X 5-7.5 /x. 



On rocks, from Vermont to Georgia, and westward to West Virginia and Ten- 

 nessee. 



164. Blastenia Mass., Atti 1st. Veneto II. 3:101. 1852. 



Thallus crustose, smooth to powdery, granulose, squamulose, chinky or rarely 

 areolate, commonly devoid of differentiation into layers, attached to the sub- 

 stratum by hyphal rhizoids; apothecia immersed to adnate or sessile, minute to 

 small or middle-sized, the disk more or less concave to flat or convex, the exciple 

 colored like the disk, often disappearing; hypothecium hyaline; hymenium hyaline 

 or brownish above; paraphyses unbranched, septate, enlarged at the apices; asci 

 clavate; spores 4-16, commonly 8, hyaline, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid, 1-septate 

 or rarely non-septate, the cells usually polar. 



The algal host is Protococcus. 



A. On trees or old wood 



B. Thallus smooth to chinky or areolate 



C. Thallus bordered and often intersected by a black 



hypothallus 3. B. floridana 



C. Thallus without a black hypothallus 2. B.diphasia 



B. Thallus more or less granulose 5. B. atrosanguinea 



A. Not limited to trees or old wood 

 B. On rocks and soil 



C. Spores constantly 8 in each ascus 



D. Thallus gray to ashy or whitish 1. B.fraudans 



D. Thallus greenish yellow to orange 6. B. novomexicana 



C. Spores 4-12 or more in each ascus 7. B.luteominia 



B. On soil and over moss 4. B. sinapisperma 



1. Blastenia fraudans (T. Fries) B. de Lesd., Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 59:688. 1912. 



Caloplaca ferruginea var. fraudans T. Fries, Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockholm 7:27. 

 1867. B. ferruginea var. fraudans (T. Fries) Hazsl. 



Thallus thin, ashy to whitish, minutely granulose to warty, widespread or dis- 

 appearing; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.4-1.2 mm. across, sessile, numerous 

 and frequently crowded, the disk flat to convex, pale to yellowish orange, the proper 

 exciple thin, yellowish, surrounded by a very thin, soon disappearing, whitish 

 thalloid exciple; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 12-16 X 4-7.5 fx. 



On shale, southern California. 



2. Blastenia diphasia (Tuck.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 7:28. 1930. 



Lecanora diphasia Tuck., Am. Journ. Sci. II. 25:426. 1858. Placodium diphasium 

 Tuck. 



Thallus thin, smooth to granulose-areolate, greenish gray to ashy white; apothe- 

 cia minute to small, 0.2-0.8 mm. across, sessile, the disk flat to convex, reddish 

 brown and blackening, sometimes greenish pruinose, the exciple sometimes raised, 

 orange, entire to crenulate; spores ellipsoid, 10-16 X 8-11 it. 



On trees, Texas, Louisiana, and Florida. 



3. Blastenia floridana (Tuck.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 7:30. 1930. 

 Lecanora floridana Tuck., Proc. Am. Acad. 5:402,403. 1862. 



Thallus thin, continuous, rough, becoming chinky, greenish gray to ashy, limited 

 and often intersected more or less by the black hypothallus; apothecia minute, 

 0.15-0.45 mm. across, adnate, the disk flat, brownish black, the exciple thick, en- 

 tire, and darkening to the color of the disk; spores ellipsoid, 10-16 X 5-7.5 it. 



On trees, from Florida to Texas. 



4. Blastenia sinapisperma (Lam. & DC.) Mass., Flora 35:575. 1852. 

 Patellaria sinapisperma Lam. & DC, Fl. Fr. ed. 3. 2:349,350. 1805. Placodium 



sinapispermum (Lam. & DC.) Hepp. 

 Thallus thin, granulose, whitish, commonly running over mosses; apothecia 



