167. Teloschistes ] 42. TELOSCHISTACEAE 363 



lobes, loosely attached and sometimes rising from the substratum; apothecia small, 

 0.3-1 mm. across, lateral or terminal, subpedicellate, the disk concave to convex, 

 dark orange, the exciple light orange, entire, raised; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 

 10-16 X 5-7 in. 



On frequently submerged rocks, California. 



41. Caloplaca cladodes (Tuck.) Zahlbr., in E. & P., Nat. Pfl. 1 1 :228. 1907. 



Placodium cladodes Tuck., Proc. Am. Acad. 6:265. 1866. 



Thallus composed of short, pale, round, slender, erect, clustered branches, 

 crowded into a papillate orange-yellow crust; blackening below; apothecia small 

 to middle-sized, 0.7-1.3 mm. across, sessile, the disk flat, powdery, dull brownish 

 yellow, the exciple thick, crenulate, colored like the thallus; spores 1, oblong- 

 ellipsoid, 20-26 X 15-20 ix. 



On soil, Wyoming and Colorado. 



OTHER SPECIES REPORTED 



Caloplaca callopisma (Ach.) T. Fries — California. 

 Caloplaca discernenda (Nyl.) Zahlbr. — New Mexico. 



42. TELOSCHISTACEAE 



Thallus crustose to foliose, or rarely fruticose, showing more or less differentia- 

 tion into cortical layers on one or both sides and algal and medullary layers, the 

 cortex often plectenchymatous in the higher form, attached to the substratum by 

 rhizoids or hyphal rhizoids; apothecia round, scattered, adnate to sessile, with a 

 thalloid exciple; both thallus and apothecia commonly yellow to orange. 



The algal host is Protococcus. 



167. Teloschistes Norm., Nyt Mag. Naturv. 7:228. pi. 1, lAa-g. 



1853. 



Thallus foliose to fruticose, prostrate to ascending and erect, or rarely pendu- 

 lant, more or less lobed or branched, smooth to rough, sometimes ciliate, attached 

 to the substratum by rhizoids, differentiated into well-developed plectenchymatous 

 upper and lower cortices, rather indistinct algal layer and loosely interwoven 

 medullary layer, or in the fruticose forms an algal layer on both sides of the 

 medullary tissue; apothecia minute to small or middle-sized, lateral, terminal or 

 scattered, sessile to subsessile, the disk concave to flat, commonly yellow or orange, 

 the exciple colored like the thallus, entire, crenulate, or ciliate; hypothecium hya- 

 line or brownish; hymenium hyaline or brownish above; paraphyses unbranched, 

 sometimes forked at the apices; asci clavate to cylindrico-clavate; spores 8, 

 hyaline, oblong-ellipsoid or ellipsoid, 1-3-septate, the cells polar. 



The algal host is Protococcus. 



A. Thallus foliose 



B. Thallus closely adnate, margins rarely ascending 

 C. Thallus bearing many rhizoids and fibrils below ; 



apothecia numerous and crowded 3. T. poly carpus 



C. Thallus bearing few rhizoids and fibrils below; 



apothecia less numerous 1. T. parietinus 



B. Thallus more loosely adnate, margins commonly ascending 

 C. Lobes sparingly branched 



D. Thallus small, lobes small 4. T. ramulosus 



D. Thallus larger, lobes wider 2. T. candelarius 



C. Lobes much branched 



D. Lobes more or less fibrillose 2. T. candelarius laciniosus 



D. Lobes marginally granulose 2. T. candelarius pygmaeus> 



A. Thallus subfruticose to fruticose 



B. Thallus small, branches short 8. T. euplocus 



