364 42. TELOSCHISTACEAE [ 167. Teloschistes 



B. Thallus larger, branches more or less elongated 

 C. Branches hispid or fibrillose 



D. Greenish gray to yellow, dichotomously 



branched 5. T. chrysophthalmus 



D. Ashy gray, much branched 7. T. villosus 



C. Branches minutely sorediate 6. T. flavicans 



1. Teloschistes parietinus (L.) Norm., Nyt Mag. Naturv. 7:229. 1853. 



Lichen parietinus L., Sp. PI. 1143. 1753. Xanthoria parietina (L.) Beltr. 



Thallus middle-sized to large, round or irregular, closely adnate, bright yellow, 

 to yellowish gray or orange, composed of more or less imbricated, smooth to 

 minutely wrinkled and folded, sparingly divided, marginally crenate and dilated, 

 radiately arranged lobes; ashy yellow below, bearing few ashy rhizoids and fibrils; 

 apothecia small to middle-sized, 1-3.5 mm. across, subsessile, sometimes crowded, 

 the disk concave to flat, orange, the exciple thin, colored like the thallus, becoming 

 flexuous; hypothecium hyaline; spores ellipsoid, 13-18 X 7-10 /x. 



On trees and rarely on rocks, northern United States, and California. 



2. Teloschistes candelarius (L.) Fink n. comb. 



Lichen candelarius L., Sp. PI. 1141. 1753. T.lychneus (Ach.) Tuck. Xanthoria 

 lychnea (Ach.) T. Fries. Xanthoria candelaria (L.) Kickx. Physcia parie- 

 tina var. finmarkica (Ach.) Tuck. 



Thallus middle-sized, round to irregular, greenish yellow or orange, composed of 

 rather broad, more or less imbricated, sparingly branched, somewhat ascending, 

 marginally coralloid or granulose lobes ; yellowish to ashy below, bearing many ashy 

 yellow rhizoids and marginal fibrils; apothecia small to middle-sized, 1-4 mm. 

 across, subsessile, rarely fibrillose below, the disk concave to flat, orange or reddish 

 orange, the exciple thin, colored like the thallus, becoming crenulate, coralloid or 

 granulose; hypothecium hyaline; spores ellipsoid, 12-17 X 5.5-9 /x. 



On trees and old wood, throughout the United States. 



var. laciniosus (Duf.) Fink n. comb. 

 Parmelia parietina var. laciniosa Duf., in Schaer., Enum. Lich. Eur. 51. 1850. 

 T. lychneus var. laciniosus (Duf.) Herre. Xanthoria lychnea var. laciniosa 

 (Duf.) Herre. Xanthoria candelaria var. laciniosa (Duf.) Arn. 

 Thallus composed of many, much-branched, marginally ascending and often 

 more or less fibrillose lobes. 



On old wood, Louisiana, Nevada, and southern California. 



var. pygmaeus (Bory) Fink n. comb. 

 Parmelia parietina var. pygmaea Bory, in E. Fries, Lich. Eur. 73. 1831. T. lych- 

 neus var. pygmaeus (Bory) Tuck. T. parietinus var. pygmaeus (Bory) 

 E. Fries. Xanthoria lychnea var. pygmaea (Bory) T. Fries. Xanthoria 

 candelaria var. pygmaea (Bory) Arn. 

 Thallus small, composed of many, irregularly much-branched, ascending or 

 erect, marginally granulose lobes. 



On rocks, Montana, Oregon, California, and Texas. 



3. Teloschistes polycarpus (Ehrh.) Tuck., Syn. N. A. Lich. 1:50. 1882. 



Lichen polycarpus Ehrh., in Ach., Lich. Suec. 135. 1798. Xanthoria lychnea 

 var. polycarpa (Ehrh.) T. Fries. Xanthoria poly car pa (Ehrh.) Oliv. Par- 

 melia parietina var. polycarpa (Ehrh.) E. Fries. 



Thallus small to middle-sized, round to irregular, closely adnate, yellow to 

 dark orange, composed of many, small, narrow, much divided, imbricated or rarely 

 scattered, marginally crenate and rarely ascending lobes; ashy white below, bearing 

 many ashy white or gray rhizoids and marginal fibrils: apothecia small to middle- 

 sized, 1-4 mm. across, subsessile, numerous, crowded, the disk concave to flat, dark 

 orange, the exciple thin, colored like the thallus, becoming crenulate; hypothecium 

 hyaline; spores ellipsoid, 12-18 X 5-8 /x. (Plate 41a.) 



On trees and old wood, throughout the United States. 



