172. Rinodina ] 43. BUELLIACEAE 377 



6. Rinodina sophodes (Ach.) Mass., Ric. Lich. 14, 15. 1852. 

 Lichen sophodes Ach., Lich. Suec. 67. 1798. 



Thallus thin, becoming areolate, composed of minute, rough, ashy to greenish 

 brown, continuous or scattered granules, sometimes bordered by a thin black 

 hypothallus; apothecia small, 0.3-0.8 mm. across, adnate, the disk flat to slightly 

 convex, dark brown to dull black, the proper exciple thin, black, surrounded by a 

 rather thick, crenulate, sometimes disappearing, thalloid one; hypothecium hyaline 

 to brownish; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 14-22 X 6-12 it. 



On trees and rocks, throughout the United States. 



7. Rinodina Thomae Tuck., Syn. N. A. Lich. 209,210. 1882. 



Thallus smooth to chinky, finally rough and crumbling, straw-colored to ashy, 

 upon a thin black hypothallus; apothecia small, 0.4-0.8 mm. across, adnate, the disk 

 flat to slightly convex, black, the exciple thick, colored like the thallus, but soon 

 blackening; hypothecium dark brown; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 12-20 X 6-10 fi. 



On rocks, North Carolina and Louisiana. 



8. Rinodina confragosa (Ach.) Koerb., Syst. Lich. 125. 1855. 



Parmelia confragosa Ach., Meth. Lich. Suppl. 33. 1803. R. sophodes var. con- 

 fragosa (Ach.) Tuck. 



Thallus thin to moderately thick, coarsely granulose or warty, grayish to dirty 

 white, the granules commonly scattered upon an inconspicuous black hypothallus; 

 apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.4-1.2 mm. across, sessile, the disk flat, brownish 

 black to black, the exciple thick, colored like the thallus, becoming crenulate; 

 hypothecium yellowish; spores ovoid-ellipsoid, 20-33 X 10-16 /x. 



On rocks and rarely on trees, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Louisiana, Illinois, 

 Minnesota, Oregon, and California. 



9. Rinodina bolodes Tuck.; Hedrick, Mycologia 26:165. 1934. 



Thallus thick, composed of small, coarse, yellowish to gray, convex, crowded 

 granules; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.5-1.2 mm. across, sessile, the disk 

 flat to convex, black or grayish pruinose, the exciple thick, colored like the thallus, 

 becoming flexuous; hypothecium yellowish; spores ellipsoid to ovoid-ellipsoid, 

 14-20 X 6-8.5 ft. 



On soil, southern California. 



10. Rinodina kentuckyensis Fink; Hedrick, Mycologia 26:164. 1934. 

 Thallus thin, smooth to minutely granulose, continuous or scattered, dirty gray 



to dull black; apothecia minute, 0.1-0.25 mm. across, numerous, round to somewhat 

 irregular when crowded, partly immersed to adnate, the disk concave to almost 

 flat, dull black or slightly grayish pruinose, the exciple rather thick, entire, promi- 

 nent, colored like the thallus; hypothecium and hymenium hyaline; spores oblong- 

 ellipsoid, usually constricted at the septum, 15-18 X 7.5-8.5 it, irregularly ar- 

 ranged. 



On sandstone rocks, Kentucky. 



11. Rinodina orbata (Ach.) Vainio, Arkiv. Bot. 8:71. 1909. 



Lecanora sophodes var. orbata Ach., Lich. Univ. 678. 1810. R. turfacea (Wahl.) 

 T. Fries. R. turfacea var. mniaraea (Nyl.) Arn. 



Thallus thin, granulose to minutely warty, pale greenish gray to brownish 

 ashy; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.5-1 mm. across, adnate, the disk slightly 

 concave to convex, reddish brown to brownish black or rarely grayish pruinose, the 

 thalloid exciple thin, elevated, wrinkled, rarely disappearing; spores ellipsoid or 

 oblong-ellipsoid, 20-36 X 10-16 /x. 



On soil and rocks, New Hampshire, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Washington, 

 and California. 



12. Rinodina aterrima Krempelh., in Anzi, Comm. Soc. Ital. Critt. 2:11. 1864. 

 Thallus thin, minutely granulose or scurfy, dark greenish black to black; 



