LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 11 



Thallus brownish or dull black, rather thick, in small mats or wide spread, 

 smooth to rough, becoming cracked, areolate. Perithecia minute, 0.1-0.3 

 mm. across, partly immersed in the thallus, hemispherical; spores hya- 

 line, ellipsoid, nonseptate, 15.0-20.0 x 7.0-8.0 jx. 



On rock: Whatcom Co.: Sumas Mountain, Herre (1917). Washington 

 Territory, San Juan Island, Suksdorj 285b (F). 



2. Staurothele Norm. Nyt. Mag. Nat. 7 :240. 1853. 



Thallus crustose, smooth to granulose or warty, thick or sometimes thin, 

 areolate, usually partly within the substratum, hypothallus rarely visible. 

 Perithecia minute to small, immersed in the thallus, ostiole either depressed 

 or elevated; paraphyses soon dissolving; asci 1-8-spored; spores large, 

 hyaline or brown, muriform. 



Alga Protococcus. 



A, Perithecia 0.1-0.3 mm. across, ostiole depressed 1. 5". clopima 



A. Perithecia not less than 0.3 mm. across, ostiole, elevated 2. 5". lithina 



1. Staurothele clopima (Wahl.) Th. Fr. Nov. Act. Reg. Soc. Sci. 111. 

 3:363. 1861. Verrucaria clopima Wahl. in Ach. Meth. Lich. 19. 1803. 

 Staurothele umbrina var. clopima (Wahl.) Tuck. Gen. 258. 1872. 



Thallus light or dark brown, thick, warty, tumid, rounded areoles con- 

 tinuous or broken up into small patches. Perithecia minute, 0.1-0.3 mm. 

 across, immersed in the thallus ; ostiole depressed, appearing as a tiny hole 

 in the surface; asci 1 or 2-spored; spores brown, oblong, muriform, 11.0- 

 30.0 X 1 1.0-26.4 ;u. 



On rock: Chelan Co.: Beaver Summit, 2800 ft., 1931, 1342. Okanogan 

 Co. : Twisp Butte, near Twisp, 1700 ft., 1931, 1465. 



2. Staurothele lithina (Ach.) Zahlbr. Cat. Lich. Univ. 1 :172. 1922. Verru- 

 caria lithina Ach. Meth. Lich. 18. 1803. Staurothele umbrina (Ach.) 

 Tuck. Gen. 258. 1872. 



Thallus dark brown or brownish black, rather thin, smooth, granulose, 

 or areolate. Perithecia minute, 0.3-0.5 mm. across, immersed in elevated 

 spots in the thallus, with ostioles projecting; asci 1 or 2-spored; spores 

 brown, oblong, muriform, 33.0-49.6 x 14.0-16.5 /x. 



On rock: Okanogan Co.: Twisp State Trail, 4000 ft., 1931, 1297. 

 Yakima Co. : Lodge Pole Pine Camp, 3500 ft., 1940, 3309. Washington 

 Territory, Suksdorj 269 (F). 



Herre (1943) reports Staurothele glacialis Herre sp. nov. on lava rock, 

 Whatcom Co. : Mt. Baker, 7000 ft. 



2. DERMATOCARPACEAE 



Thallus foliose, squamulose, or subcrustose, corticate on one surface or 

 on both, algal and medullary layers well developed, attached to the sub- 

 stratum either by an umbilicus or rhizoids. Perithecia minute to small, im- 



