22 LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 



Thallus thin, rarely entirely disappearing within the substratum, Apo- 

 thecia lirellae black, elongated, rarely circular, simple or branched, straight 

 or curved, immersed to erumpent ; proper margin prominent, thalline thin 

 and inconspicuous ; hypothecium hyaline to brownish ; paraphyses distinct, 

 unbranched ; asci 4-8-spored ; spores hyaline, 3-multiseptate. 



Alga Trentepohlia. 



A. Thallus thin, smooth to slightly wrinkled 1. G. scripta 



A. Thallus thicker, rough and powdery 2. G. scripta var. pulverulenta 



1. Graphis scripta (L.) Ach., Kgl. Vet.-Akad. Nya Handl. 145. 1809. 

 Lichen scriptiis L. Sp. PI. 1140. 1753. Opegrapha scripta Ach. 



Thallus whitish, olive-bufif (R) or dark olive-buff (R), thin, smooth to 

 slightly wrinkled. Apothecia elongated, narrow, 1-5 x 0.2-0.4 mm., straight 

 or curved, simple or branched, scattered or crowded and lying in all direc- 

 tions, immersed becoming erumpent ; disk brownish black, sometimes gray- 

 ish pruinose, closed to open ; proper margin black, narrow, raised and cov- 

 ered on the sides by a thin thalline one ; hypothecium hyaline ; asci 8-spored ; 

 spores hyaline, long ellipsoid, 5-1 1 -septate ; loculi lenticular, 20.0-42.9 x 

 7.0-13.2 /.. 



On bark: Grays Harbor Co.: Lake Quinault, 1931, 1209. Clallam Co.: 

 Cedarville, 300 ft., 1940, 2893. Wahkiakum Co. : Cathlamet, 1940, 2854. 

 Kitsap Co. : Hidden Ranch near Bremerton, 213 ft., 1940, 3290. Whatcom 

 Co.: Bellingham, 1920, Weir 16682 (F). King Co.: Seattle, Frye 56 (F). 

 Thurston Co. : Gate, 1912, Foster 2053 (F). Plate I, A. 



This species looks very much like pencil markings on the bark. 



2. Graphis scripta var. pulverulenta (Pers.) Ach. Syn. Meth. Lich. 82. 

 1814. Opegrapha pulverulenta Pers. Ann. Bot. Usteri 7 :29. 1794. 



Thallus thick, crumbling, and becoming powdery. Apothecia completely 

 immersed or only slightly emergent ; otherwise like the species. 



On bark: Pacific Co.: Long Beach, 1928, 1925; Chinook, 1940, 2815. 

 Whatcom Co.: Ten Mile Camp, 1914, Herre 4138 (F). Snohomish Co.: 

 Marysville, /. M. Grant (F). Plate I, B. 



8. LECANACTIDACEAE 



Thallus uniformly crustose, little or no differentiation into layers, 

 attached to the substratum by hyphal rhizoids. Apothecia circular, immersed 

 to sessile ; proper margin well developed, rudimentary, or entirely lacking, 

 thalline margin present or entirely lacking ; asci 2-8-spored ; spores hyaline, 

 non-many-septate. 



Alga Trentepohlia. 



12. Lecanactis Eschw. Syst. Lich., 14. 1824. 



Thallus crustose to powdery. Apothecia circular, adnate to sessile; 

 proper margin well developed, thalline lacking; hypothecium brown to 



