24 LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 



Friday Harbor, 1906, Fink 217 (F). Clallam Co.: Camp Elk Horn, 2000 

 ft., 1907, Frye 39 (W). Clark Co.: Vancouver, 1881, Pringle (W). 



This is rather a common bark lichen widely distributed west of the 

 Cascades. It is easily recognized by the numerous, small, pale gray or buff- 

 colored warts or crater-like apothecia. 



10. DIPLOSCHISTACEAE 



Thallus uniformly crustose, upper cortex of poorly developed hyphae, 

 algal and medullary layers poorly differentiated, lower cortex indistinct, 

 attached to the substratum by hyphal rhizoids. Apothecia circular, immersed 

 to adnate; proper margin well developed, thalline margin usually dis- 

 appearing early; asci 2-8-spored; spores brown or hyaline, 1 -septate or 

 muriform. 



Alga Protococcus. 



14. Diploschistes Norm. Nyt. Mag. Nat. 7 :232. 1853. 



Thallus crustose, upper cortex of poorly developed hyphae, algal and 

 medullary layers more or less distinct. Apothecia small, numerous, im- 

 mersed to adnate; proper margin well developed, thalline margin usually 

 disappearing; hypothecium dark; paraphyses simple, sometimes branched 

 at the tip ; asci 2-8-spored ; spores brown, muriform. 



A. Proper margin thick, radiately striate 1. D. actinostomus 



A, Proper margin thin, minutely toothed 2, D. scruposus 



1. Diploschistes actinostomus (Pers.) A. Zahlbr. Hedw. 31 :34. 1892, 

 Urceolaria actinostoma Pers. in Ach. Lich. Univ. 288. 1810. 



Thallus grayish white, gray or greenish gray, thin to rather thick, 

 smooth to at length areolate. Apothecia minute 0.3-0.5 mm. in diameter, 

 immersed 1 -several in an areole; disk black, flat to becoming concave, 

 opening by a pore; proper margin thick, black, grayish pruinose, radiately 

 striate, rarely surrounded by a thin thalline margin ; asci 8-spored ; spores 

 brown, ovoid-ellipsoid, muriform, 18-25 x 12-18 ju,. 



On rocks and rarely on soil : Ferry Co. : North of Republic, 2600 ft., 

 1931, 1402; 1940, 3139. KHckitat Co.: Goldendale, 1909, Foster (F). 



2. Diploschistes scruposus (Schreb.) Norm. Con. Prae. Gen. Lich. 20. 

 1852. Lichen scruposus Schreb. Spicil. Fl. Lips. 133. 1771. Urceolaria 

 scruposa (Schreb.) Ach, 



Thallus gray to whitish, olive-buff (R), or deep olive-buff (R), areolate, 

 granulate, or warty, forming a thick or thin layer. Apothecia urceolate, 

 0.2-1.0 mm. in diameter, sunken in thallus; disk black or gray pruinose, 

 deeply concave; proper margin thin, minutely toothed, thalline margin 

 thick, crenulate, often disappearing; asci 4-8-spored; spores brown, ellip- 

 soid, muriform, 19.8-26.4 x 8.3-10 jx. 



