26 LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 



Thallus gray or deep olive-buff (R), very thin, smooth to scurfy, some- 

 times chinky. Apothecia minute 0.2-0.5 mm. in diameter, circular, immersed 

 to adnate ; disk pink to reddish brown, concave ; proper margin thick, white, 

 thalline one not often seen; spores hyaline, ellipsoid, muriform, 14-18.15 x 

 6-8.25 IX.. 



On rocks : Yakima Co. : Boulder Cave, 3000 ft., 1931, 1149. 



A rare inconspicuous lichen. 



12. EPHEBACEAE 



Thallus having the appearance of that of a crustose, foliose, or fruticose 

 lichen, consisting of twisted fungal hyphae surrounding and penetrating 

 the filaments of the alga, cortex present or absent. Apothecia globose, super- 

 ficial or immersed in the alga ; proper margin present, thalline one absent ; 

 asci 8-spored; spores hyaline, nonseptate or 1 -septate. 



Alga Scytonema or Stigonema. 



A. Thallus with no definite layers ; paraphyses thread-like, spores non- 

 septate 17. Thermufis 



A. Thallus with some indication of definite layers ; paraphyses enlarged at 

 the tips; spores 1-septate. 18. Polychidium 



17. Thermutis Fries, Syst. Orb. Veg. 1 :302. 1825. 



Thallus minute, felt-like masses, or cushions of much branched and 

 crowded thread-like filaments, consisting of thin-walled, septate fungal 

 hyphae, extending longitudinally within the sheath of the algae, cortex 

 absent. Apothecia minute, globose, flattened, lateral on the algal filaments, 

 adnate to sessile ; disk concave to flat ; proper margin thick, colored like the 

 disk ; hypothecium hyaline ; paraphyses unbranched, thread-like ; asci 

 8-spored; spores hyaline, nonseptate. 



Alga Scytonema. 



1. Thermutis velutina (Ach.) Fries Syst. Orb. Veg. 1 : 302. 1825. Lichen 

 velutinus Ach. Lichenogr. Suec. Prodro. 218. 1798. 



-"b^ 



Thallus black, brownish black, felt-like masses or cushions of much 

 branched and crowded thread-like filaments. Apothecia rare, minute, not 

 seen on any collections from this state, known to fruit only in the extreme 

 northern regions, lateral 0.4-0.8 mm. in diameter, sessile; disk black, 

 slightly concave ; proper margin black, thick, entire, swollen ; spores hyaline, 

 ellipsoid, non-septate, 9.0-12.0 x 5.0-7.0 ^. 



On rock: San Juan Co.: San Juan Island, Pt. Caution, 1928, 2104. 

 Yakima Co. : Dewey Lake, 4800 ft., 'l940, 2789. Ferry Co. : Boyds, 1470 ft., 

 1789. 



18. Polychidium Mass. Mem. Lich. 88. 1853. 



Thallus foliose, with an upper and a lower pseudoparenchymatous 

 cortex, an indefinite medulla and algal layer, or pseudoparenchymatous 



