70 LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 



violet knob-like tips ; spores hyaline, acicular or fusiform, 3 -many-septate, 

 26.4-62.0 X 3.3-5.0 /.. 



On soil, moss over rock, or rock : Chelan Co. : Beaver Summit, 2800 ft., 

 1934, 2474a. Yakima Co. : Naches Ranger Station, 2400 ft., 1940, 3322. 

 Ferry Co.: Mt. Gibraltar, 3100 ft., 1940, 3167. Ferry Co.: RepubHc, 1912, 

 Foster 2329a (F). Washington Territory, Cascade Mountains, Brandegee 

 (T). 



36. Lopadium Korb. Syst. Lich. Ger, 210. 1855. 



Thallus uniformly crustose, no differentiation into definite layers. Apo- 

 thecia circular, sessile or substipitate ; proper margin light or dark in color, 

 carboniferous, soft, or cartilaginous; hypothecium hyaline or dark brown; 

 paraphyses free or coherent, branched or unbranched; asci 1-8-spored, with 

 very thick walls ; spores hyaline, straight or curved, muriform, many celled, 

 thin walled without a halo. 



Alga Protococcus. 



1. Lopadium pesisoideum (Ach.) Korb. Syst. Lich. Ger, 210. 1855. 

 Lecidea pezizoidea Ach. Lichenogr. Univers. 182. 1810. 



Thallus consisting of greenish white, pale yellow, or brown, small, flat 

 squamules or granules, sometimes warty or coralloid. Apothecia circular, 

 0.4-1.2 mm. in diameter, sessile; disk black, flat to concave; proper margin 

 brownish black, thick, entire, finely wrinkled, rarely disappearing; hypo- 

 thecium dark brown; paraphyses coherent, black at the tips; asci 1-spored; 

 spores hyaline, oblong ellipsoid, large, muriform, many celled, 40.0-72.6 

 X 20.0-40.0 iJL. 



On trees and encrusting mosses on rocks : Clallam Co. : Port Angeles, 

 Little River Logging Co., 2000+ ft., 1914, Foster 2811 (W) ; Olympic 

 Hot Springs, 3500 ft., 1935, A. H. Smith 1967 (F). Washington Terri- 

 tory, Suksdorf 214 (T), 



37. Rhizocarpon Lam. in Lam. and DC. Fl. Franc. 3rd ed., 2 :365. 1805. 



Thallus crustose, smooth or warty, often areolate, rarely squamulose, 

 no distinct differentiation into defiinite layers, a black hypothallus usually 

 present. Apothecia circular or irregularly angulate, immersed or sessile; 

 proper margin black or brown; hypothecium dark; paraphyses branched, 

 coherent or loose and distinct; asci 1-8-spored; spores hyaline, more often 

 brown, 1 -many-septate transversely, or muriform, with a distinct musci- 

 laginous halo. 



Alga Protococcus. 



A. Spores 1-septate; asci 8-spored 1. R. hadioatrum 



A. Spores 3-septate or muriform; asci 1, 2, or 8-spored. 



B. Thallus with KOH turns yellow then red 3. R. chlorophaeum 



B. Thallus does not react with KOH as above ; mature spores all muri- 

 form. 



