LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 79 



S. Primary squamules rather thick, nearly entire, packed into 



a crust. 28. CI. pyxidata var. pocillum 



M. Podetia wholly or partly decorticate, sorediate, 

 T. Cups definite and well developed. 



U. Podetia sorediate-granular, usually stout, KOH — , P+. 



10. CI. chlorophaea 

 U. Podetia sorediate-farinose, slender, KOH — , P+. 



16. CI. fimbriata 

 T. Cups absent, or irregular and poorly developed. 

 V. Podetia sorediate throughout, KOH — , P+. 



12. CI. coniocraea 

 V. Podetia on the upper part only, granular-sorediate, 



KOH — , P+ 25. CI. nemoxyna 



1. Cladonia alpestris (L.) Rabh. Clad. Eur. Exs. No. 11. 1860. 

 Lichen rangiferinus var. alpestris Linn. Sp. PI. 1153. 1753. 

 Cladonia rangiferina c. alpestris L. 



Podetia nearly white or whitish gray, with a straw yellow cast, surface 

 arachnoid or almost tomentose, in older parts the branches look translucent, 

 branching dichotomous or whorled, surrounding gaping axils. Podetia of 

 rather even length, producing a smooth, compact topped mass, the most 

 striking characteristic of the species. KOH — , P — , no color changes with 

 either. 



On soil : not collected by the author. Grays Harbor Co. : Westport, 

 1908, Foster 675 (W) ; Pacific Beach, Foster 1412 (F). 



In some regions this species is called, by children, castles or biscuits, 

 which seems to me to be a good description. 



2. Cladonia mitis Sandst. in Abh. Nat. Ver. Bremen. 25:105. 1922. 



Podetia straw yellow (R), or more often creamy white, or white, sur- 

 face never distinctly arachnoid; no further attempt will be made to dis- 

 tinguish this species morphologically from CI. sylvatica, which it certainly 

 resembles very closely. But since I have used chemical reactions to help 

 distinguish species of Cladonias, it seems correct to recognize CI. mitis 

 as a species. KOH — , P — , no color change with either. 



On soil : San Juan Co. : San Juan Island, Friday Harbor, 1928, 1957. 

 Ferry Co.: Laurier, 1644 ft, 1931, 1422. San Juan Co.: San Juan Island, 

 1906, Fink 155 (W), determined by Fink as CI. sylvatica. 



3. Cladonia rangiferina (L.) Web. in Wigg. Prin. Fl. Hols. 90. 1780. 

 Lichen rangiferinus Linn. Sp. PI. 1153. 1753, 



Podetia grayish white, ashy gray, greenish, or with a brownish tinge, 

 surface decidedly arachnoid, especially on the lower branches, forming a 

 loose and gray cottony background for the green areoles, branching dichot- 

 omous or whorled, surrounding gaping axils, the tips of the ultimate 



