LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 81 



Primary thallus rarely persistent, when present, pale brown or greenish 

 gray, consisting of lobed or crenately margined squamules, sorediate, under 

 surface white or slightly brownish. Podetia concolorous with the primary 

 thallus, sometimes brown or black at the base, rather elongated, cylindrical, 

 erect, somewhat flexuous, simple or branched, cortex continuous or broken 

 and dispersed in the form of areoles, bearing crowded or small scattered 

 squamules; cups small, not always present, margins entire or dentate. 

 Apothecia clustered, 1.0-4.0 mm. across, often on the tips of the branch or 

 on the margin of the cup; disk scarlet, flat or convex. KOH — , P — , no 

 color changes with either. 



On soil, rock, or decaying wood : San Juan Co. : Shaw Island, 1928, 

 2077; Brown Island, 1940, 3210; San Juan Island, Trout Lake, 1940, 3237. 

 Pierce Co.: Mt. Rainier, Summerland Trail, 3500 ft., 1931, 692; Mt. Rai- 

 nier, trail to Mowich Lake, 3500 ft., 1940, 3069; Mt. Rainier, Van Trump 

 Park, 5000 ft., 1942, 3619. San Juan Co. : Orcas Island, Mt. Constitution, 

 2500 ft., 1906, Fink 328 (W). Jefferson Co.: Olympic Mts. near Humes 

 Glacier, 5000 ft., 1907, Frye 80 (W) ; Boulder Peak, 5500 ft., 1935, A. H. 

 Smith 2911 (F). 



7. Cladonia cariosa (Ach.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 4:272. 1827. 

 Lichen cariosa Ach. Lich. Suec. 198. 1798. 



Primary thallus usually persistent, grayish olive (R) or greenish gray, 

 consisting of squamules, ascending or erect, with crenately lobed margin, 

 somewhat involute, under surface white, sparingly sorediate. Podetia gray- 

 ish white or greenish gray, appearing hoary or half dead, clustered, short, 

 stout, erect or ascending, club shaped, laterally torn, grooved and fissured, 

 branching abundantly, cortex continuous or subcontinuous and dispersed 

 in the form of areoles ; cupless. Apothecia on the tips of the branches, clus- 

 tered, often conglomerate, sometimes 4.0 mm. across ; disk brown or red- 

 dish brown, flat to convex, KOH+, bright yellow, P+, reddish orange. 



On soil or rock : Kittitas Co. : Easton, 2168 ft., 1931, 849. Yakima Co. : 

 American River Camp, 2800 ft., 1931, 946. Chelan Co. : Stehekin Valley, 

 1140 ft., 1931, 1291. Ferry Co.: Gibraltar Mt., 3783 ft., 1940, 3151. Whit- 

 man Co. : Tekoa Mts., 2900 ft., 1931, 1596. Clallam Co. : Mt. Angeles, 1911, 

 Foster 1793 (W), determined by Merrill as Cladonia cariosa f. cribosa 

 (Wainio) Spreng. Thurston Co.: Gate, 1912, Foster 1923 (W). Deter- 

 mined by G. K. Merrill as Cladonia cariosa f. cribosa. 



A small lichen usually found growing on the earth, easily recognized by 

 the grooved and fissured podetia ; rather widely distributed in the state. 



8. Cladonia carneola Fries Lich. Eur. Ref. 233. 1831. 

 Cenomyce carneola Fries Sched. Crit. fasc. 4 :23, 1824. 



Primary thallus persistent or sometimes dying, greenish gray or straw 

 yellow (R), consisting of crenately lobate squamules, flat or ascending, 

 margins involute, underside white or straw yellow (R), somewhat soredi- 



