LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 89 



24. Cladonia multiformis Merrill, Bryol. 11 :110. 1908. 

 Cladonia fur cat a var. Finkii Wainio. 



Cladonia palamaea (Ach.) Fink n. comb. 



Primary thallus soon dying, only seen in young plants, greenish gray 

 or dark olive-buff (R), consisting of small to medium, elongated, narrow 

 lobed squamules with crenate to sinuate margins, underside white. Podetia 

 whitish, pale greenish gray, or olive-buff (R), usually growing close to- 

 gether, well developed, cylindrical to flattened, irregularly swollen, some- 

 times fissured and gaping, simple or sparingly rather short branched, cortex 

 continuous or areolate, densely squamulose throughout, tips sharp pointed, 

 truncate, or cupbearing ; cups broad and conspicuous, closed by membranes 

 that are lacerated or perforated in various ways, no other Cladonia so far 

 as known has closing membranes like these, margins of cups more or less 

 dentate, or repeatedly proliferate, proliferations are cupforming or may 

 become variously branched. Apothecia small and inconspicuous, solitary or 

 clustered on the margins of cups or on the tips of the branches ; disk small, 

 brown. KOH — , P-f, reddish orange. 



On soil or rock : Clallam Co. : Cedarville, 1940, 2895. San Juan Co. : 

 San Juan sland. Trout Lake, 1940, 3231; Orcas Island, Mt. Constitution, 

 2500 ft., 1928. 2071. Kitsap Co. : Hidden Ranch, near Bremerton, 213 ft., 

 1930, 526. Yakima Co.: Little Naches, 2557 ft., 1931, 1003. Pend Oreille 

 Co.: Metaline Falls, 2600 ft., 1931, 1479 (F). Ferry Co.: Republic, 1912, 

 Foster 2311, 2357 (F). 



This species grows in great abundance in parts of the state ; it is easily 

 identified by the broad open cups that are closed by peculiar lacerated or 

 perforated membranes, and by the fissured and gaping podetia. 



25. Cladonia nemoxyna (Ach.) Nyl. Lich. Novae Zelandiae 18. 1888. 

 Baeomyces radiatus. B. nemoxynus Ach. Meth. Lich. 342. 1803. 

 Cladonia fimbriata var. nemoxyna (Ach.) Wainio. 



Primary thallus usually persistent, whitish, cream-buff (R), olive-buff 

 (R), or light brown, consisting of small to medium sized, digitately lobed 

 squamules, flat to ascending, underside white, sorediate. Podetia concolor- 

 ous with the primary thallus, clustered, erect, usually long and slender, 

 lower part more or less corticate, upper decorticate, granular-sorediate ; 

 cups narrow and shallow, some times only abortive cups appear, at times 

 the tips of the podetia are cupless, margins are entire, dentate, or prolifer- 

 ate, cups often sorediate inside. Apothecia rather small and inconspicu- 

 ous, sessile or with a short stalk on the margin of the cups ; disk brown or 

 pale reddish brown. KOH — , P+, dull orange. 



On soil and decaying wood : Clallam Co. : Port Angeles, Bird's, 1800 

 ft., 1911, Foster 2607 (W). Grays Harbor Co. : Copalis, 1911, Foster 1490f 

 (W). San Juan Co.: San Juan Island, Friday Harbor, 1906, Fink 114 

 (W). King Co.: Kent, G. N. Jones 3048a (W). 



