LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 93 



somewhat involute, clustered or scattered, underside white or cream col- 

 ored. Podetia gray, greenish gray, dark olive-buff (R), or light brown, 

 cylindrical, erect, hollow, in small groups or solitary, cortex subcontinu- 

 ous, or composed of contiguous areoles, rarely squamulose toward the 

 base ; cups abruptly dilated, shallow, 2-5 ranked, cup bearing proliferations 

 from the center of the cups, from the margins of the cups, or from the sides 

 of the podetia. Apothecia sessile or on short stipes on the margins of the 

 cups ; disk brown, convex. KOH — , P+, brick red. 



On soil, or sometimes on a thin layer of soil over rock: Kitsap Co.: 

 Hidden Ranch, near Bremerton, 213 ft., 1931, 1723. Grays Harbor Co.: 

 Pacific Beach, 1911, Foster 202 (F). Clallam Co.: Olympic Hot Springs, 

 1935, A. H. Smith 2142 (F). This specimen determined as CI. verticellata 

 var. cervicornis by J. Hedrick Jones. 



34, Cladonia verticillata var. evoluta Th. Fr. Lich. Scand. 1 :83. 1871-1874. 



Proliferations always from the center of the cup, forming a series of 4 

 or 5 cups one directly above the other ; this outstanding arrangement sets 

 this variety off from the species ; otherwise it is like the species. 



On soil: Kittitas Co.: Hidden Ranch near Bremerton, 213 ft., 1931, 

 1760. Grays Harbor Co.: Westport, 1908, Foster 711 (F). Spokane Co.: 

 Deep Creek Canyon, T. A. Bonser (F). 



41. Stereocaulon Schreb. Gen. PI. 2:768. 1791. 



Thallus of two kinds: a primary thallus, horizontal, crustose and 

 warty, that soon disappears; no differentiation into layers; a permanent 

 vertical thallus attached to the substratum by hyphal rhizoids. Podetia, 

 which arise from the primary thallus, are erect, solid, cylindrical, branched, 

 ecorticate, covered more or less thickly with granules or squamules. Apo- 

 thecia terminal or lateral ; proper margin soon disappearing ; hypothecium 

 hyaline ; paraphyses unbranched and septate ; asci usually 8-spored ; spores 

 hyaline, 3-more-septate. Cephalodia containing various species of blue- 

 green algae are often present. 



Alga Protococcus. 



A. Podetia powdery-chalky ; apothecia and cephalodia unknown. 



1. S. albicans 

 A. Podetia not powdery-chalky ; apothecia and cephalodia frequently seen. 

 B. Squamules palmate-digitate. 



C. Podetia smooth or faintly tomentose ; cephalodia containing Stigo- 



nema 4. S. paschale 



C. Podetia usually densely tomentose ; cephalodia containing Nostoc. 

 D. Podetia medium in length, frequently branched, squamules abun- 

 dant, crowded 5. 5. tomentosum 



D. Podetia elongated, sparingly branched, squamules few, scattered. 



6. S. tomentosum var. simplex 



