100 LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 



This many-leaved species is perhaps the most easily recognized of all 

 species of Umbilicaria in the state. 



8. Umbilicaria polyrrhiza (L.) Ach. Klg. Vetensk-Akad. Nya Handl. 

 15:92. 1794. 



Lichen polyrrhisa Linn. Sp. PI. 1151. 1753. 

 Gyrophora polyrrhisa (L.) Korb. 



Thallus purplish brown or black, small or medium sized, one-leaved, 

 becoming many-leaved, circular, margins crenate, somewhat torn; below 

 black, becoming rather an olive color when moist, at times lacerate or 

 ridged near the center, always densely covered with short black fibrils, that 

 are rather knob-shaped at the apex; when there is a break in the surface 

 these fibrils come through, forming strange black spots on the upper sur- 

 face. Apothecia rather rare, large and dome-like, 2-5 mm. in diameter, 

 immersed at first, finally adnate ; disk black, flat to gyrose-plicate ; proper 

 margin disappearing; hypothecium brown; asci 8-spored; spores hyaUne, 

 ellipsoid, nonseptate, 8.5-12.9 x 4.0-7.0 fi. 



On rock: San Juan Co.: Orcas Island, Mt. Constitution, 2500 ft., 1931, 

 2066. Klickitat Co. : Goldendale, 2000 ft., 1931, 1696. 



The densely fibrillose lower surface and the large dome-shaped apo- 

 thecia characterize this species. 



9. Umbilicaria vellea (L.) Ach. Kgl. Vetensk-Akad. Nya Handl. 15 :101. 

 1794. 



Lichen velleus Linn. Sp. PI. 1150. 1753. 

 Gyrophora vellea (L.) Ach. 



Thallus gray or grayish brown, somewhat white pruinose, large, one- 

 leaved, usually round, becoming variously shaped, thick, rigid, surface 

 smooth, or somewhat rough and cracked ; below brown or black, with con- 

 colorous fibrils, very hirsute, sometimes lacerate near the center. Apothecia 

 rare, circular, usually near the margin, 0.5-2.0 mm. in diameter, adnate ; 

 disk black, plicate, convex ; proper margin disappearing ; hypothecium dark 

 brown; asci 8-spored; spores hyaline, short-ellipsoid, nonseptate, 8.0-11.0 

 X 7.0-9.0 II. 



On rock: Chelan Co.: Merritt, 2186 ft, 1931, 1095; White Rock 

 Camp, 2200 ft., 1931, 1052; Rainbow Trail, 3800 ft., 1931, 1282. Ferry 

 Co.: Showers Butte near Republic, 1912, Foster (W). Whitman Co.: 

 near Pullman, 1913, /. S. Weaver 28 (F). Herre (1943) reports it from 

 Mt. Baker, Heliotrope Ridge. 



This species is easily identified by the large sized thallus and the very 

 hirsute lower surface. 



10. Umbilicaria virginis Schaer. Biblioth. Univers. Geneve, 36:135. 1841. 

 Umbilicaria rugifera Nyl. Lich. Scand. 117. 1861. 



Gyrophora rugijera. (Nyl.) Th. Fr. 



