LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 119 



single squamule, with rather entire edges not much lobed ; below wrinkled 

 and pitted ; attached to the substratum by an umbilicus. Apothecia circular, 

 numerous, when crowded becoming irregular in shape, 1.0-3.0 mm. in 

 diameter, subsessile to sessile; disk grayish green, pale yellow, or fawn 

 color (R), concave to flat; thalline margin concolorous with the thallus, 

 thin and entire or becoming crenate and flexuose, finally disappearing ; asci 

 8-spored; spores hyaline, ellipsoid, nonseptate, 9.0-16.0 x 6.0-8.0 /a. 



On rock: Kittitas Co.: Roslyn, 2800 ft., 1931. 902. Yakima Co.: gulch 

 near Naches, 1350 ft., 1931, 1141, Okanogan Co. : Tonasket, 1200 ft., 1931, 

 1S63. Columbia Co. : Dayton, 1700 ft., 1940, 2732. Garfield Co. : Pomeroy, 

 1860 ft., 1931, 1570. 



The peltate attachment of this lichen makes it very easily recognized. 

 It is rather abundant and widely distributed east of the Cascades. 



23. Lecanora ruhina (Lam. & DC.) Ach. Lichenogr. Univers. 412. 1810. 

 Lichen rubinus Lam. in Lam. and DC. Fl. Franc. 3rd ed., 1 -.77. 1778. 



Thallus yellow, greenish straw colored, or pale brown, thick, squamu- 

 lose, or subfoliose, much branched at the circumference, short crenate lobed ; 

 below dark brown or black; not attached to the substratum by a definite 

 umbilicus. Apothecia circular, 1.0-4.0 mm. in diameter, often clustered, then 

 somewhat irregular in shape, sessile or subsessile; disk pale yellow, fawn 

 color (R), or light reddish brown, flat to convex; thalline margin thin, 

 entire or becoming crenate and flexuous, finally disappearing; asci 

 8-spored ; spores hyaline, ellipsoid, nonseptate, 8.0-16.0 x 5.0-8.0 /x. 



On rock: Yakima Co.: Dead Horse Hill, 4500 ft., 1931, 998; Rattle- 

 snake Canyon, 2000 ft., 1931, 1545; gulch near Naches, 1350 ft., 1931, 

 902a. Klickitat Co.: Bickleton, 3200 ft., 1931, 1661. Douglas Co.: Lower 

 Grand Coulee, 1100 ft., 1931, 1526. Lincoln Co. : Davenport, 2450 ft., 1931, 

 1507. Washington Territory, Klickitat Co. : Columbia River, 1882, C. J. 

 Sprague 567 (F). Spokane Co.: Spokane, 1907, Bonser (F). 



24. Lecanora ruhina var. melanophthalma (Ram.) Zahlbr. Cat. Lich. 

 Univ. 5 :659. 1928. 



Lichen melanopthalmus Ram. in Lam. and DC. Fl. Franc. 3rd ed., 



2:376. 1805. 



Thallus very much like the species ; disk greenish gray, olivaceous black, 

 or black, often somewhat pruinose ; otherwise like the species. 



On rock: Yakima Co. : gulch near Naches, 1350 ft., 1940, 3177. Chelan 

 Co.: butte near Chelan, 2000 ft., 1931, 1351. Ferry Co.: hillside near San- 

 poil, 2000 ft., 1940, 3129. Whitman Co. : Pullman, 2550 ft., 1931, 1584. 



25. Lecanora gelida (L.) Ach. Lichenogr. Univers. 429. 1810. 

 Lichen gelidus Linn. Mantissa 1 :133. 1767. 



Thallus light buff (R), pale greenish gray, or dirty white, adnate, 

 chinky, or areolate towards the center, more or less radiate, circumference 



