128 LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 



V. Margins conspicuously ciliate 24. P. perlata var. ciliata 



V. Margins not conspicously ciliate 23. P. perlata 



U. Margins not bearing clustered sorediate lobules. 



W. Below very dark brown or black, edges lighter, rhizoids 

 abundant at the center, lacking or very sparse on the mar- 

 gins, upper cortex not red with P. 



X. Margins always ciliate 22. P. crinita 



X. Margins never ciliate 21. P. caperata 



W. Below lighter colored, rhizoids evenly distributed, upper 

 cortex red with P. 

 Y. Upper surface smooth, usually on rocks... 14. P. conspersa 

 Y. Upper surface isidiose or sorediate. 



15. F. conspersa var. isidiata 



1. Parmelia enteromorpha Ach. Meth. Lich. 252. 1803. 



Parmelia physodes var. enteromorpha Tuck. Proc. Am. Acad. Arts and 

 Sci. 1 :220. 1848. 



Thallus ivory yellow (R), deep olive-gray (R), honey yellow (R), 

 water green (R), deeply divided into rather broad, thick and inflated, 

 wavy lobes, complicate, abundantly sprinkled with black spermagonia (ap- 

 pearing like black dots) ; below dark reddish brown to black, brown at the 

 tips, smooth, often shiny, much wrinkled, often with holes in the lower 

 cortex, rhizoids absent. Apothecia rather abundant, medium sized to large, 

 sometimes very large, 3-15 mm. in diameter, subpedicellate, ventricose; disk 

 reddish brown, deeply concave, finally becoming convex; thalline margin 

 entire to crenate; asci 8-spored; spores hyaline, ellipsoid, nonseptate, 4.0- 

 8.0 X 3.0-6.0 fi. 



On bark, sticks, and dead branches : San Juan Co. : San Juan Island, 

 Pt. Caution, 1928, 2039. Pacific Co. : Loomis Lake, 1930, 431. King Co. : 

 Richmond Highlands, 200 ft., 1931, 579. King-Kittitas Co. : Snoqualmie 

 Pass, 3010 ft., 1931, 814. Pend Oreille Co.: Metahne Falls, 2600 ft., 1931, 

 1482. Whitman Co. : Tekoa Mts., 2900 ft., 1931, 1599. Olympic Mountains, 

 Camp Elkhorn, 1800 ft., 1907, Frye (F). Island Co.: Langley, 1920, /. M. 

 Grant 3036 (F). Pierce Co.: Rainier National Park, 1923, /. M. Grant 

 430 (F). Spokane Co. : Spokane, 1932, Sister Marion Loretta (WTU). 



One of the common lichens, widely distributed in the state; the abun- 

 dant black spermagonia a good distinguishing character, 



2. Parmelia enteromorpha f. rugosa (Merrill) Zahlbr. Cat. Lich. Univ. 



6:33. 1930. 



Parmelia physodes var. enteromorpha f. rugosa Merrill, Bryol. 11:86. 

 1908. 



Thallus pale yellow orange to ivory yellow (R), differs from the species 

 in having larger, much more inflated lobes, that are rugose and twisted and 

 crowded. 



