LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 131 



8. Parmelia olivacea (L.) Ach. Meth. Lich. 213. 1803. 

 Lichen olivaceus Linn. Sp. PI. 1143. 1753. 



Thallus olive-brown (R), burnt umber (R), Dresden brown (R), or 

 tawny olive (R), small to medium sized, membranaceous, closely adnate, 

 flat, shiny, smooth or sometimes pitted and rugose, margins often elevated 

 and shiny, lobes radiate, imbricate, rather broad with rounded tips ; below 

 dark brown to black, margins lighter, with scattered, short, concolorous, 

 rhizoids. Apothecia usually abundant, 2-6 mm. in diameter, sessile to sub- 

 sessile ; disk dark reddish brown, concave to flat, thalline margin entire or 

 crenulate ; asci 8-spored ; spores hyaline, ovoid-ellipsoid, thick-walled, non- 

 septate, 7.0-15.0 X 6.0-8.0 IX. 



On bark: Island Co.: Langley, 1923, /. M. Grant. Wahkiakum Co.: 

 Cathlamet, 1906, Foster (F). Pierce Co.: Longmire Springs, 2761 ft., 

 1906, Harper and Harper (F). Thurston Co.: Gate, 1912, Foster 2077 

 (W). Whitman Co.: Pullman, 1900, Beattie 32 (F). 



This species was collected only a few times, stations widely separated. 



9. Parmelia olivacea var. aspidota Ach. Meth. Lich. 214. 1803. 

 Lichen aspidotus Hofifm. Enum. Lich. 1784. 



Parmelia aspidota (Ach.) Rohl. Deutschl. Fl. 3, Abt. 2:100. 1813. 



Thallus always abundantly isidiose, sometimes sorediate, otherwise like 

 the species. Apothecia not abundant. Followed Berry's classification 

 (1941). 



On bark, rarely on rocks: Pacific Co.: Loomis Lake, 1931, 738. San 

 Juan Co. : Friday Harbor, 1928, 2045. Wahkiakum Co. : Cathlamet, 1940, 

 2915. Thurston Co. : Grand Mound, 1940, 2950. King Co. : Edgewood, 300 

 ft., 1940, 3087. 



This variety is not widely distributed. 



10. Parmelia pannariiformis (Nyl.) Wainio, Arkiv. for Bot. 8: no. 4:28. 



1909. 

 Parmelia olivacea var. panniformis Nyl., Herb. Muscei Fenn. 83. 1859. 

 Parmelia olivacea var. prolixa f. panniformis Th. Fr. 



Thallus dark olive-brown (R) or olivaceous black (R), looks curly or 

 crisp, forming a flat mat divided into tiny lobes, irregularly cut, densely 

 crowded and imbricated, often with finger like branches ; below bearing 

 scattered rhizoids, closely attached to the substratum. Apothecia rare; I 

 have not found it fruiting in the state. (Apothecia 2-4 mm. in diameter, 

 sessile ; disk dark reddish brown, concave to flat ; thalline margin crenulate 

 or dentate ; asci 8-spored ; spores hyaline, ovoid-ellipsoid, nonseptate, "9.0- 

 12.0 X 4.0-7.0 fl.") This description was made from a specimen collected at 

 Gate of Notch, White Mountains, 1866, by Tuckerman, determined by him 

 as P. olivacea var. prolixa f. panniformis Nyl. 



On rock: Chelan Co.: Rainbow Trail, 3500 ft., 1931, 1248; Merritt, 

 2186 ft., 1931, 1089. Ferry Co. : Laurier, 1644 ft., 1931, 1417. 



