134 LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 



Thallus thickly beset with coralloid branchlets, otherwise like the 

 species. Upper cortex reddish brown with paraphenylenediamine. 



On rock: Yakima Co.: cliff near Naches, Ranger Station, 2400 ft., 

 1940, 3325; gulch near Naches, 1550 ft., 1940, 3180. Chelan Co.: butte 

 near Chelan, 2000 ft., 1931, 1326. Columbia Co. : Dayton, 1700 ft., 1940, 

 2731. Klickitat Co.: Goldendale, 1600 ft., Foster 1165 (F), this specimen 

 determined as Parmelia conspersa by G. K. Merrill. 



At the present time this species has not been collected west of the 

 summit of the Cascade Mountains. 



16. Parmelia multispora Schneid., Guide to the Study of Lichens, 154. 



1898. 

 Parmelia olivacea var. multispora Merrill. Bryol. 12 :73. 1909. 



Thallus various shades of brown, small, membranous, smooth or rough 

 and warty, short, wide, marginal lobes with rounded tips, edges elevated, 

 coarsely crenate ; below dark brown or black with short dark colored rhi- 

 zoids in the center, at the margins light brown and devoid of rhizoids. 

 Apothecia abundant, 1-4 mm. in diameter, sessile; disk brown, concave to 

 flat; thalline margin entire or crenulate; asci 16-many-spored, Schneider 

 (1898) reports possibly 100 spores in an ascus, ascus inflated-clavate ; 

 spores hyaline, subglobose to ovoid, nonseptate, 7,5-10.6 x 5.0-9.9 /i. 



On bark of various deciduous trees : Kittitas Co. : Roslyn, 2800 ft., 1931, 

 898. Klickitat Co.: Goldendale, 2000 ft., 1931, 1682. Chelan Co.: Wenat- 

 chee Lake, 1800 ft., 1931, 1066; Rainbow Trail, 3600 ft., 1931, 1269. 

 Lincoln Co. : Davenport, 2450 ft., 1931, 1595. Whitman Co. : Pullman, 2550 

 ft., 1931, 1576. Wahkiakum Co.: Cathlamet, 1907, Foster (F). Klickitat 

 Co.: Goldendale, 1909, Foster 1163 (W). Ferry Co.: Republic, 1912, Fos- 

 ter 2291 (W). Spokane Co.: Spokane, 1907, T. A. Bonser (F). 



A common species, rather widely distributed, especially on the eastern 

 side of the Cascades. It is easily recognized by the numerous apothecia and 

 the many-spored asci. 



17. Parmelia rudecta Ach. Syn. Meth. Lich. 197. 1814. 



Parmelia borreri var. rudecta Tuck. Enum. N. Amer. Lich. 49. 1845. 



Thallus ochraceous-tawny (R), olive-brown (R), or grayish-olive (R), 

 coriaceous-membranous, wrinkled, or slightly rimose-reticulate, much 

 divided, lobes rounded at the tips, somewhat imbricated, margins crenate, 

 sparingly sorediate, abundantly isidiose, especially towards the center, with 

 some coralloid branches ; below white to pale brown or darker. Apothecia 

 3-6 mm. in diameter, dark chestnut brown, sessile, deeply concave ; thalline 

 margin wavy, crenate, or irregular ; asci 8-spored ; spores hyaline, rounded- 

 ellipsoid, nonseptate, 11.0-18.0 x 7.0-10.0 fji. Medulla shows no color change 

 with paraphenylenediamine. 



On trees, decaying branches and logs, rarely on rock: Jefferson Co.: 

 Olympic Mountains, 1915, /. M. Grant (F). 



