LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 137 



Thallus gray green, deep olive-buff (R), cream-buff (R), or chamois 

 (R), large, broad lobes, much divided, abundantly isidiose, tips rounded, 

 margins elevated, bearing prominent black cilia; below black, with large 

 concolorous rhizoids at the center, margins brown, without rhizoids. Apo- 

 thecia not common, 3-12 mm. in diameter, sessile to subpedicellate, deeply 

 concave, sometimes cup-shaped, chestnut-brown; thalline margin isidiose 

 or granulose, sometimes ciliate; asci 8-spored; spores hyaline, ellipsoid, 

 nonseptate, 23.0-32.0 x 16.0-18.0 fi. Thallus shows no color change with 

 paraphenylenediamine. 



On trees and wood, more rarely on rocks : Skagit Co. : Anacortes, 1908, 

 r. C. Frye (D). I have not seen this specimen. 



This lichen can easily be distinguished by the broad mat and the black 

 cilia on the margins. 



23. Parmelia perlata (Huds.) Ach. Meth. Lich. 216. 1803. 

 Lichen perlatus Huds. Fl. Angl. 448. 1762. 



Thallus grayish white, deep olive-buff (R), tawny-olive (R), cream- 

 color (R), membranaceous, smooth, wide spreading, lobes broad, not much 

 elongated, branched, imbricated, margins ascending, undulate, bearing 

 lobules, which are often digitately clustered, and abundantly covered with 

 soredia, margins sometimes slightly ciliate; below black with brown mar- 

 gins, smooth, or wrinkled in places, with scattered black rhizoids. Apothe- 

 cia not common, 2-12 mm. in diameter, sessile or short pedicellate; disk 

 chestnut brown (R) or bay (R) ; thalline margin entire; asci 8-spored; 

 spores hyaline, ellipsoid, nonseptate, 11.0-17.0 x 7.0-11.0 [x. 



On rock or trees: Pacific Co. : Chinook, 1931, 793. Kitsap Co. : Hidden 

 Ranch near Bremerton, 213 ft., 1930, 1888a. Clallam Co. : Cape Flattery, 

 A. H. Smith, 1891 (M). San Juan Co.: Orcas Island, Olga, 1906, Fink 

 J^^ (F). Plate V, D, and Plate VI, A. 



The densely sorediate margins are a distinguishing characteristic. 



24. Parmelia perlata var. ciliata (DC.) Duby, Bot. Gall. 2:601. 1830. 

 Lobaria perlata var. ciliata DC. in Lam. & DC. F. Fr. 3rd ed., 2 :403. 

 1805. 



Thallus frequently besprinkled with isidia, margins bearing numerous 

 black cilia; below rhizoids rather scarce, ohterwise like the species, sterile 

 in Washington. 



On rocks and trees: Pacific Co.: Long Beach, 1928, 1912; Nahcotta, 

 1931, 470. Chinook, 1940, 2803. San Juan Co. : Friday Harbor, 1931, 2055. 

 Grays Harbor Co. : Westport, 1919, /. M. Grant 3019. 



55. Cetraria Ach. Meth. Lich. 292. 1803. 



Thallus foliose, subfruticose, or fruticose, smooth, sorediate, or isidiose ; 

 foliose forms more or less ascendant, lobed; fruticose forms erect, tufted, 

 branched, at times channeled ; well-developed upper and lower plectenchy- 



