150 LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 



like masses, cortex of densely packed longitudinal hyphae surrounding the 

 algal layer, and medulla of loosely woven hyphae, center of cylinder often 

 hollow, attached by a holdfast. Apothecia rare, circular, lateral to sub- 

 terminal, immersed, sessile, or pedicellate; thalline margin nearly always 

 entire; hypothecium hyaline; paraphyses, branched and anastomosing; 

 asci 2-8-spored, spores usually hyaline, sometimes brown, nonseptate. 



A. Thallus light colored, grayish green to straw color, rarely light brown ; 



spores brown 6. A. sarmentosa 



A. Thallus dark colored, usually some shade of brown ; spores hyaline. 

 B. Thallus rather stifif and wiry, erect or prostrate, rarely pendent, 

 C. Apothecia abundant ; thallus rarely sorediate. 



D. Thallus dark brown throughout ; margins of apothecia fibrillose. 



4. A. or eg ana 

 D. Thallus light colored at base, dark at the tips ; margins of apo- 

 thecia not fibrillose ' 5. A. nigricans 



C. Apothecia not abundant ; thallus abundantly sorediate. 



\. A. chalybeiformis 



B. Thallus usually pendent, rarely erect or prostrate. 



E. Thallus tufted, blackish brown, rarely white sorediate.. .3. A. jubata 

 E. Thallus pendulous, brown, more rarely blackish brown, rarely yel- 

 low sorediate 2. A. Fremontii 



1. Alectoria chalybeiformis (L.) Rohl. Deutschl. Fl. 3, Abt. 2:137. 1813. 

 Lichen chalybeiformis Linn. Sp. PI. 1155. 1753. 



Alectoria jubata var. chalybeiformis (L.) Ach. 



Thallus filamentous, various shades of brown, tufted, short, smooth, 

 stiff and wiry, erect, spreading, procumbent or rarely pendulous, terete to 

 subterete, sparingly dichotomously branched, branches divaricate, often 

 spinulose, sparingly fibrillous, usually abundantly sorediate ; sterile in the 

 state, doubtful if ever collected fruiting. Howe (1911) gives a maximum 

 length of 12 cm. 



On trees and fallen branches, on wooden fences, more rarely on a layer 

 of moss or soil over rock : Pierce Co. : White River Camp, 3900 ft., 1940, 

 3096; trail to Mowich Lake, 3500 ft., 1940, 3073b. Kittitas Co. : Easton, 

 2168 ft, 1931, 837. Klickitat Co.: Goldendale, 2000 ft., 1931, 1703. Whit- 

 man Co.: Pullman, 2550 ft., 1926, G. N. Jones 3057 (W). 



2. Alectoria Fremontii Tuck. Am. Jour. Arts & Sci. ser. 2. 25 :422. 1858. 



Thallus dull olive brown to reddish brown, rarely almost black, long, 

 pendulous, rather fine and pliant, terete to subterete, irregularly much 

 branched, forming long tangled hair-like masses, main branches flexuous 

 and lacunose, secondary branches elongated, flexuous with occasional 

 greenish or sulphur colored soredia. Apothecia rare, marginal, adnate to 

 sessile, 2-4 mm. in diameter ; disk yellow to yellowish or green, flat to con- 

 vex, pruinose; thalline margin thin, entire, finally disappearing; asci 8- 



