152 LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 



The abundant apothecia and the fibrillose margins make this one of the 

 few easily determined species of Alectoria. 



5, Alectoria nigricans (Ach.) Nyl. Lichenogr. Scand. 71. 1861. 

 Cornicularia ochroleuca var. nigricans Ach. Lichenogr. Univers. 615. 



1810. 

 Alectoria ochroleuca var. nigricans (Ach.) Korb. 



Thallus yellow or some shade of brown near the base, at least the upper 

 one-third black, erect or prostrate, rigid, subterete to somewhat channeled, 

 irregularly dichotomously branched, branches rather short, tips furcate. 

 Apothecia rare, marginal or terminal, 1-2 mm. in diameter, sessile; disk 

 concolorous with the thallus, or chestnut brown (R), concave to convex; 

 thalline margin at first nearly hyaline, at length becoming brown, crenulate, 

 finally disappearing; asci 2-3-spored; spores hyaline, ellipsoid, nonseptate, 

 23.1-30.0 X 13.2-19.8 fi. Howe (1911) reports a maximum length of 10 cm. 



On soil or rocks : Clallam Co. : between Mt. Angeles and Port Angeles, 

 fog belt, 1911, Foster (F). 



This species can easily be distinguished by the two-colored thallus, the 

 lower part some shade of yellow or brown, at least the upper third almost 

 black. Herbarium specimens after being collected for some time color the 

 paper red. 



6. Alectoria sarmentosa Ach. Lichengr. Univers. 595. 1810. 

 Lichen sarmentosus Ach. Liljebl. Utkast. Svensk. Fl. 427. 1792. 

 Alectoria ochroleuca var. sarmentosa Nyl. 



Thallus grayish-olive (R), straw yellow, dark brown, or almost black 

 at times, smooth and dull, long and pendulous, sometimes prostrate, stiff 

 and wiry like coarse hair, occasionally dilated, often papillate and pitted, 

 terete to subterete, sparingly dichotomously branched below, abundantly 

 branched towards the terete tips. Apothecia not uncommon, marginal, 1-6 

 mm. in diameter, sessile ; disk yellow or dark brown, concave to flat ; thalline 

 margin disappearing; asci 8-spored; spores brown, ellipsoid, nonseptate, 

 29.7-42.9 X 14.0-23.1 fi. Howe (1911) reports the maximum length of the 

 thallus 45 cm. 



On trees, widely distributed throughout the state from sea-level to 

 5000 ft.: Pacific Co.: Long Beach, 1931, 1024a. San Juan Co.: Cypress 

 Island, 1928, 2116. Kitsap Co. : Hidden Ranch near Bremerton, 213 ft., 

 1940, 3278. Pierce Co. : Mt. Rainier, trail to Seattle Park, 4000 ft., 1940, 

 3054; Mt. Rainier, Berkeley Park, 6000 ft., 1940, 3041. King-Kittitas Co. : 

 Snoqualmie Pass, 3010 ft., 1931, 815. Yakima Co.: Bumping Lake, 3400 

 ft, 1931, 935. Kittitas Co.: Easton, 2168 ft., 1931, 841. Klickitat Co.: 

 Goldendale, 2000 ft., 1931, 1704a. Columbia Co.: Blue Mountains, 3500 

 ft., 1931, 1616. Pend Oreille Co.: Metaline Falls, 2600 ft., 1931, 1477. 

 Whatcom Co. : Ruth Mountain, 5500 ft., 1928, L. Sunquist 2117. Clallam 

 Co.: Port Angeles, 1912, Foster 2615 (W). San Juan Co.: Orcas Island, 



