LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 153 



Mt. Constitution, 1906, Fink 317 (W). Jefferson Co.: Olympic Moun- 

 tains, Queets River Valley, 5000 ft., 1907, Frye 37 (W). 



The only long and extensive, light colored Alectoria. It is sometimes 

 mistaken for an Usnea, because of the grayish or yellowish green color, 

 but since there is no characteristic central cord in the medulla, it can easily 

 be distinguished from the Usneas. Plate VIII, B, C. 



60. Cornicularia Ach. Vetensk.-Akad. Nya Handl. 15 :259. 1794. 



Thallus chestnut-brown (R) or black, fruticose, cartilaginous, tufted, 

 erect or procumbent, terete or flattened, much branched dichotomously or 

 irregularly, tips sharp pointed, often furcate, somewhat channeled, or lacu- 

 nose, differentiated into a plectenchymatous cortex, surrounding a thin 

 algal layer, and a loose cottony (tow) medulla, often hollow in the center, 

 loosely attached to the substratum by holdfast. Apothecia circular, margi- 

 nal, subterminal, or terminal, small to large, sessile ; disk the same color as 

 the thallus, concave to convex ; thalline margin often shiny, smooth, crenu- 

 late, or toothed; hypothecium hyaline; paraphyses usually unbranched, 

 conglutinate and septate ; asci 8-spored ; spores hyaline, nonseptate. 



A. Apothecia rare; tips spinulose 3. C. tenuissima 



A. Apothecia abundant ; tips not spinulose. 



B. Branchlets fastigiated, margins of apothecia blunt toothed, tips of 



thallus not divided 2. C. normoerica 



B. Branchlets not fastigiated, margins of apothecia jagged, tips of thallus 

 much divided 1. C. californica 



1. Cornicularia californica (Tuck.) DReitz, Arkiv for Bot. 20: No. 11 



33 and 41. 1926. 

 Cetraria californica Tuck. Am. Jour. Arts and Sci. Ser. 2. 28 :203. 1859. 



Thallus light drab (R), grayish olive (R), or black, fruticose, short, 

 erect, tufted, cartilagineous, lacunose, somewhat channeled, dull, irregularly 

 dichotomously branched, flat or subterete, tips much divided, fertile 

 branches thickened near the tips, below paler. Apothecia 1.5-5.0 mm. in 

 diameter, terminal to subterminal, sessile, appendiculate ; disk dark green, 

 dark purple or black, flat to convex, surface uneven; thalline margin 

 smooth, fringed, toothed, soon excluded by the disk ; spores hyaline, ellip- 

 soid, nonseptate, 7.0-8.0 x 4.5-5.0 fx.. 



On trees, shrubs, and fences: Grays Harbor Co.: Westport, 1908, 

 Foster (F). Merrill Exs. No. 82. Determined as Alectoria californica 

 (Fink) Merrill. Plate VIII, D. Plate IX, A. 



The dark-colored or almost black, erect thallus, with often abundant 

 apothecia, makes this rather an easy species to recognize. 



2. Cornicularia normoerica (Gunn.) DRietz, Arkiv for Bot. 20, No. 11. 



32 and 39. 1926. 



