160 LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 



Thallus grayish green, honey yellow (R), or straw yellow (R), rarely 

 rufescent, main branches blackening toward the base, elongated and 

 pendulous, terete, slender, rough, more or less papillate, rather sparingly 

 branched, thickly beset with short, spreading, rarely branched fibrils, cor- 

 tex often broken in rings, but rarely exposing the white medulla to any 

 marked degree. Apothecia rare, marginal or subterminal, 1-5 mm. in diam- 

 eter; disk concolorous or very pale olive-buff (R), flat; thalline margin 

 entire or bearing fibrilloid branches; spores hyaline, ellipsoid, nonseptate, 

 7.0-10.0 X 4.0-7.0 fi. Medulla yellow with KOH, later turning red, with 

 some specimens these color changes do not appear. 



On trees and rarely on old wood: Pacific Co.: Chinook, 1940, 2795; 

 Loomis Lake, 1940, 2841. San Juan Co. : Brown Island, 1940, 3258; Orcas 

 Island, Mt. Constitution, 2500 ft., 1928, 2122. Clallam Co. : Elwha River 

 Trail, 500 ft., 1940, 2866a. Mason Co. : Shelton, 1931, 1224. San Juan Co.: 

 San Juan Island, 1906, Fink 443 (W). 



4. Usnea hirta (L.) Wigg., Prim. Fl. Holstat. 91. 1780. 

 Lichen hirtus Linn. Sp. PI. 1155. 1753. 



Usnea barbata hirta (L.) Fries, Lichenogr. Eur. Reform. 18. 1831. 



Thallus grayish green or straw yellow (R), rufescent at times, usually 

 erect, caespitose, terete, rather stiff and rigid, short, rarely exceeding 8 cm. 

 in length, main branches crowded, secondary branches dichotomously ar- 

 ranged, slender, frequently long and curving, fibrils abundant, farinose- 

 sorediate. Apothecia often degenerate, rare, marginal or subterminal, 3-6 

 mm. in diameter ; disk dirty flesh color, flat ; thalline margin usually bearing 

 fibrilloid branches; spores hyaline, ellipsoid, nonseptate, 5.0-7.0 x 8.0- 

 10.0 ,x. 



On trees, shrubs, and wooden fences : Pacific Co. : Long Beach, 1940, 

 2933; Chinook, 1940, 2802. Wahkiakum Co. : Cathlamet, 1940, 2904. San 

 Juan Co.: Brown Island, 1940, 3260. Mason Co.: Shelton, 1931, 1220. 

 Kitsap Co. : Hidden Ranch near Bremerton, 213 ft., 1940, 3281a. Thurston 

 Co.: Gate, 1940, 2963. King Co.: Woodinville, 1940, 3346; Edgewood, 

 300 ft., 1940, 3085. Grays Harbor Co.: Westport, 1908 Foster (W), 

 determined as U. barbata by H. E. Hasse. Spokane Co. : Liberty Creek, 

 1910, T. A. Bonser 57 (W). Wahkiakum Co.: Cathlamet, 1907, Foster 

 502 (W). 



This species is easily distinguished by its small size, shrubby nature of 

 growth, lack of apothecia, and abundance of soredia. Plate XI, A. 



5. Usnea longissima Ach. Lichenogr. Univers. 626. 1810. 



Thallus grayish green or straw yellow (R), pendulous, main branches 

 greatly elongated, terete to slightly flattened, sparingly dichotomously 

 branched, with numerous simple horizontal fibrils, surface scurfy, medulla 

 turns blue with IKI. Apothecia very rare in the United States. No Wash- 

 ington specimens seen fruiting. 



