LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 



183 



Corymbose. Having the nature of a 



corymb. 

 Crenate. Scalloped. 

 Crenulate. Very finely crenate. 

 Cribrose. Sieve-like or with sieve-like 



markings. 

 Crisped. Finely curled. 

 Crustose. Forming a crust ; closely at- 

 tached to the substratum; applied to a 

 thallus usually w^ithout a distinct cortex. 

 Cucullate. Hood-shaped. 

 Cyathiform. Bowl-shaped ; cup-shaped ; 



flaring above. 

 Cylindrical. Having the same diameter 



throughout the length. 

 Cyme. Cluster of determinate or centri- 

 fugal type, developing from the center 

 outward. 

 Cymose. Having the nature of a cyme. 

 Cymbiform. Boat-shaped; elongated with 



under surface concave. 

 Cyphella. Minute cup-like depression on 



the under surface of the thallus. 

 Dactyloid. Divided into finger-like struc- 

 tures ; resembling a finger. 

 Decumbent. Reclining but with the sum- 

 mit ascending. 

 Decussate. In pairs, alternately at right 



angles. 

 Demiss. Depressed. 

 Dendroid. Tree-like. 

 Dentate. Toothed on the margin. 

 Denticulate. With small teeth on the mar- 

 gin. 

 Dermis. Distinct layer above the upper 



cortex, consisting of flattened cells. 

 Determinate. Having a fixed definite 



limit. 

 Dichotomous. Repeatedly forking in pairs. 

 Difform. Of two forms. 

 Digitate. Finger-like. 

 Dilated. Spread out ; enlarged. 

 Dimidiate. Disciform; divided into two 

 parts ; a perithecium in which the outer 

 wall covers only the upper half. 

 Disciform. Disc-shaped ; flat and circular. 

 Discrete. Applied to loose or separate 



paraphyses. 

 Disk. Central part of an apothecium; the 



surface of any organ. 

 Divaricate. Spreading ; extremely diver- 

 gent. 

 Divergent. Turning outward from the 



medium line. 

 Dorsiventral. With two unlike sides. 

 E-, ex-. Prefixes. Down ; from ; out of ; 



without. 

 Effigurate. Of definite outline ; opposed to 



eflFuse. 

 EjBFuse. Expanded ; of indefinite outline ; 



spread out. 

 Ellipsoid. Having more or less the form 

 of an ellipse ; oblong with rounded ends. 



Elliptical. Having the form of an ellipse. 

 Emergent. Arising or emerging. 

 Emarginate, Notched. 

 Endobasidial. The spermatia are borne 

 laterally from the branches of the 

 sterigmata. 

 Endogenous. Borne within. 

 Entire. Margin smooth and even; not in- 

 dented in any way. 

 Epispore. Outer coat of a spore. 

 Epithecium. Surface of the apothecial 

 disk, usually formed by the tips of the 

 paraphyses. 

 Eroded. Erose, as though bitten or 



gnawed. 

 Erumpent. Breaking through. 

 Evanescent. Only slightly developed and 



soon disappearing. 

 Exciple, excipulum. That portion of the 

 thallus that forms the rim around the 

 base of the apothecium and is often 

 modified into a perithecial wall. 

 Exobasidial. Spermatia borne terminally 

 on the tips of the unbranched sterig- 

 matia. 

 Exogenous. Borne externally. 

 Exospore. Outer covering of a spore. 

 Expanded. Opened out, spread as opposed 



to erect. 

 Farinose. Farinaceous, meal-like; covered 



with mealy particles. 

 Fasciculate. Growing in a cluster or 



bundle. 

 Fastigiate. With erect clustered branches. 

 Fibril. Minute fiber. 

 Fibrillose. Provided with fibers. 

 Fibrous. Composed of toughish, string- 

 like fibers. 

 Filament. Thread ; applied to the separate 

 threads of the mycelium ; sometimes ap- 

 plied to a single row of algal cells. 

 Filamentous. Composed of filaments. 

 Filiform. Extremely slender, thread-like. 

 Fimbriate. Fringed. 

 Fissured. Cleft or split. 

 Fistulose. Fistulous, hollow ; tubular. 

 Flabellate. Fan-like. 

 Flabelliform. Fan-shaped. 

 Flaccid. Limp ; soft and flabby. 

 Flexuose. Flexuous, bent alternately in 



opposite directions, zigzag. 

 Foliose. Leaf-like in form; applied to a 



thallus resembling a leaf. 

 Foraminous. Full of holes ; porous. 

 Fruticose. Shrub-like; applied to an up- 

 right or pendulous thallus, with a radi- 

 ate structure. 

 Fruit-body. A structure that bears spores. 

 Furcate. Forked. 

 Furfuraceous. Branny; scurfy. 

 Fuscous. A smoky drab color. 

 Fusiform. Elongated, spindle shape, taper- 

 ing towards each end from the middle. 



