LICHENS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON 



185 



Monotypic. Having a single type or rep- 

 resentative; a family with a single 

 genus, or a genus v\^ith a single species. 

 Muriform. Spores having both longitudi- 

 nal and transverse septa; spores with 

 cells resembhng bricks in a wall. 

 Multi-. Prefix. Many; much. 

 Mycelium, A mass of fungous hyphae or 



filaments. 

 Naked. Entirely devoid of fibrils, scales 



or other covering. 

 Nigrescent. Turning blackish. 

 Nutant. Drooping ; nodding. 

 Oblong. Longer than wide with flattened 

 ends; two or three times longer than 

 broad. 

 Oblong-ellipsoid. Having long parallel 



sides and ends nearly hemispherical. 

 Obovate. Reverse of ovate. 

 Obtuse. Greater than a right angle; 



rounded or blunt. 

 Opaque. Dull ; not shining. 

 Orbicular. Circular in outline; round. 

 Ostiole. An opening in the perithecium, 



through which the spores escape. 

 Oval. Ovoid, having the shape of an egg ; 

 resembling the longitudinal section of 

 an egg; elliptical with the width con- 

 siderably more than half the length. 

 Ovoid. A solid body having the shape of 



an egg. 

 Ovate. Pointed at the apex and broadest 



below the middle. 

 Palmate. Hand-like. 



Palmate-digitate. Hand-like with radiat- 

 ing fingers. 

 Panniform. Felted; matted. 

 Pannose. Having the appearance or tex- 

 ture of felt or woolen cloth ; ragged. 

 Papilla. A small nipple-shaped protuber- 

 ance. 

 Papillose. Beset with papillae. 

 Paraphyses. Sterile hyphae occurring in 



the hymenium. 

 Parapleaenchyma. See pseudoparenchy- 



ma. 

 Patent. Spreading ; standing open. 

 Pedicel. A slender stalk. 

 Peltate. Like a shield or target ; orbicular. 

 Pendulous. Hanging; pendent. 

 Periphery. External boundary or surface. 

 Peridium. Outer wall of fruit-body. 

 Peripheral. Around the edge. 

 Perithecium. An almost closed, rounded, 

 oval, or pyriform fruit-body, in which 

 spores are borne, opening only at the 

 apex. 

 Pilose. Covered with long, soft, hairy fila- 

 ments. 

 Pinnate. Feather-like. 

 Pinnatifid. Cut or cleft in a pinnate man- 

 ner, with the divisions halfway down or 

 more. 



Pith. Soft tissue in the center of a struc- 

 ture. 

 Pitted. Having little depressions; lacu- 



nose. 

 Plane. Having a flat surface. 

 Plano-convex. Plane on one side and con- 

 vex on the other. 

 Pleaenchyma. A thick tissue in which 

 hyphae grow together in groups, inter- 

 twining and adhering. 

 Plicate. Folded in plaits ; folded like a fan. 

 Podetium, A stalk-like elevation, usually 

 arising at right angles from the thallus, 

 containing algal cells; bearing a fruit- 

 body. 

 Polar-bilocular. Polarilocular, two-celled 

 spores with a thick septum, traversed by 

 a connecting tube. 

 Polyphyllous. Many-leaved or lobed. 

 Procumbent. Prostrate ; lying on the sub- 

 stratum. 

 Proliferation. Rapid and repeated pro- 

 duction of new parts. 

 Proper margin. Proper exciple; the rim 

 or margin encircling the apothecium, 

 consisting of hyphae that have their 

 origin in the hypothecium; devoid of 

 algal cells. 

 Prosenchyma. A plectenchyma in which 

 the single hyphal elements are still 

 recognizable as such. 

 Prothallus, First stages of the hyphal 



growth. 

 Pruinose. Having a surface as if finely 



powdered. 

 Pseudocyphella. Resembling a cyphella; 

 a pit-like structure on the under side of 

 the thallus. 

 Pseudoparenchyma. Resembling a true 

 parenchyma, i.e., appearing more _ or 

 less isodiametric, but formed of united 

 and transformed hyphae. 

 Pseudocortex. A cortex devoid of cellular 

 structure, commonly formed of well de- 

 feied and more or less gelatinized hy- 

 phae. 

 Puberulent. Covered with fine, short 

 down; minutely pubescent; somewhat 

 hairy. 

 Pubescence. A covering of downy, soft, 



short hair. 

 Pubescent. Provided with a covering of 



downy, soft, short hair. 

 Pulverulent. Dusted with fine powder; 



powdery. 

 Pulvinate. Cushion-shaped; strongly con- 

 vex. 

 Punctate. Dotted with minute glands, 



scales, or other structures. 

 Punctiform, Dot-like. 

 Pustule. A blister or pimple-like elevation. 

 Pyriform. Pear-shaped. 

 Radial. Alike on all sides. 



