132 A MANUAL OF THE ASPERGILLI 



Perithecia abundant, embedded in a looose felt of sterile red hyphae at 

 the agar surface (fig. 26 E), yellow, globose to subglobose, mostly 125 to 

 150/x in diameter, and occasionally up to 175m; asci 18 to 22m; ascospores 

 lenticular, mostly 9 to 10m by 6.5 to 7.5m, occasionally up to 11m in long 

 axis, conspicuously roughened in the equatorial area, furrow pronounced, 

 broad, ridges prominent and irregular (fig. 34 B). 



Conidial heads densely crowded hi localized areas and scattered through- 

 out the remainder of the colony, bottle-green in color, radiate, consisting of 

 relatively few, long, divergent chains of conidia, commonly 250 to 300m 

 in diameter but often larger or smaller; conidiophores smooth-walled, 

 colorless to brown shades, commonly 700 to 850m in length, occasionally in 

 excess of 1 mm., broadening from 5 to 7/z at the base to 15 to 20 /x below the 

 vesicular apex; vesicle 25 to 35/x in diameter, consisting of a domelike 

 terminus of the broadening conidiophore ; sterigmata in a single series, not 

 crowded, bottle-shaped, 12 to 15/x by 5 to 7m; conidia elliptical, pyriform, 

 or subglobose, echinulate, mostly 8 to 10m hi long axis, commonly larger or 

 smaller, extremely variable. 



Represented by NRRL No. 131 isolated in 1921 from figs received from 

 California. A subculture of this strain, forwarded by Miss Margaret 

 Church about 1926, is maintained in the Centraalbureau ; the two lines re- 

 main identical. No ascosporic stage has in the authors' experience been 

 found in culture NRRL No. 133 received in 1937 from George Smith as 

 A. echinulatus Delac, and obtained by him from Biourge, but its conidial 

 development duplicates NRRL No. 131 and it is apparently correctly as- 

 signed. Da Fonseca's and the Centraalbureau 's isolations of A. echinu- 

 latus maintained at Baarn produce somewhat smaller ascospores (8 to 9m 

 by 6.2 to 7.0m) and conidia than No. 131, but otherwise agree essentially 

 with the species description as given above. Somewhat further reduction 

 in ascospore size is seen in cultures NRRL No. 523 isolated from honey, 

 and NRRL No. 137 received from George Smith and Raistrick as Asper- 

 gillus mongolicus Biourge (nomen nudum). Although these are less red 

 in color than No. 131 and appear distinct in culture, the authors do not 

 feel warranted in separating them as a species or variety, believing that they 

 represent only variations from the general type designated as A. echinulatus. 



Bainier and Sartory described A. disjunclus (1911b) and A. repandus 

 (1911c) as vigorous species possessing ascospores 11 by 6m and 11.2 by 

 5 6m, respectively. Authentic cultures of these species are not now avail- 

 able, but the descriptions as published would seem to place them close to 

 A. echinulatus. 



Probable Synonyms 



Several Aspergilli with ascospores ranging near that described for A. 

 echimdatus appear in the literature. Unfortunately, the details of asco- 



