156 A MANUAL OF THE ASPERGILLI 



II. Ascospores lacking. 



A. Hiille cells forming irregular masses, suggestive of sclerotia 



A. caespitosus Raper and Thorn 



B. Hiille cells absent; heavy walled sterile hyphae present 



A. unguis (Emile-Weil and Gaudin) Thorn and Raper 



Aspergillus nidulans (Eidam) Wint. in Rab. Krypt.-Fl. I 2 : 62. 1884. 



Synonyms : Sterigmatocystis nidulans Eidam in Cohn, Beitr. Biol. Pflan- 

 zen 3 : 392-41 1. pi. 20-22. 1883. 

 Diplostephanus nidulans (Eidam) Langeron, Compt. Rend. 

 Soc. Biol. Paris, 87: 343-345. 1922. 



Colonies upon Czapek's solution agar plane, spreading broadly, dark 

 cress green (Ridgway, PI. XXXI) from abundant conidial heads during the 

 first two weeks (PI. IA, IVC, and fig. 41 A) ; perithecia developing fron the 

 center of the colony outward after the first few days, separately produced, 

 often abundant (PI. IVC) ; sectoring occasional; reverse of colony in varying 

 shades of purplish-red during the growing period, becoming very dark in 

 age. Heads short, columnar, ranging from 40 to 80m by 25 to 40m, com- 

 monly 60 to 70m by 30 to 35m (PI- IB and fig. 4 C); conidiophores com- 

 monly sinuous, with walls smooth, in shades of cinnamon brown (PI. IC), 

 ranging from 60 to 130m, commonly 75 to 100m in length, about 2.5 to 3m 

 near the foot, increasing to 3.5 to 5m below the hemispherical vesicle (fig. 

 39 A); vesicle 8 to 10m in diameter; sterigmata in two series, primary 5 to 

 6m by 2 to 3m and secondary 5 to 6m by 2 to 2.5m; conidia globose, rugulose, 

 3 to 3.5m in diameter, green in mass. 



Perithecia developed separately within or upon the conidial layer (PI. 

 IA), globose, ranging from 100 to 175m in diameter, commonly 125 to 150m, 

 with outer layer a yellowish to cinnamon colored envelope of scattered 

 hyphae bearing hiille cells up to 25m in diameter; wall composed of one 

 layer of cells, dark reddish-purple; in ripening becoming a mass of 8-spored 

 asci which break down quickly leaving the ascospores free. Ascospores 

 purple-red, lenticular, smooth-walled with 2 equatorial crests (PI. ID and 

 fig. 43 A), spore bodies about 3.8 to 4.5m in length by 3.5 to 4m in breadth, 

 equatorial crests pleated with margin sinuous and entire ranging from 0.5 

 to 1m in width (Table 1). 



Diagnosis based primarily upon culture XRRL Xo. 187 (Thom Xo. 

 4640.5) obtained from the Bainier collection in Paris. Other strains as- 

 signed to Eidam 's species included many isolations from American soil and 

 decaying vegetation, as well as cultures from European contributors. 

 Common. 



The range of ascospore measurements found in a representative group 

 of cultures is shown in the accompanying table. 



In assigning Eidam's species name to the members of this series it is 

 obvious that there are discrepancies. He described the perithecium as 



