266 A MANUAL OF THE ASPERGILLI 



ter, with walls pitted, rough (fig. 72 F) almost spiny in appearance, broaden- 

 ing upward and gradually enlarging into vesicles 10 to 30 or 40m in diameter, 

 dome-like in the smaller heads, flask-shaped in larger heads (fig. 72 F). 

 Sterigmata in a single series in many smaller heads (fig. 71 A 2 ), or both single 

 and double series on the same vesicles in large heads (fig. 71 Ai), varying 

 from single sterigmata only 10 to 15m by 3 to 5m, to primary sterigmata 7 to 

 10m by 3 to 4m and a secondary series 7 to 10m by 2.5 to 3m- Conidia pyri- 

 form to almost globose, nearly colorless to definitely yellowish-green, vary- 

 ing from 3m, 3 by 4m, 4 by 5m, or even larger and marked variously with pits, 

 echinulations, or irregularly winding color bars and ridges to give a rough- 

 ened effect of varying intensity. Sclerotia, when found, at first white then 

 brown, hard parenchymatous, and a few strains white tipped, produced by 

 some strains regularly and abundantly (fig. 72 B), scantily by others under 

 undefined conditions. Perithecia not found. 



Description originally based upon culture NRRL No. 482 (Thorn No. 108) 

 from the Centraalbureau at Baarn, Holland, but supplemented by obser- 

 vation of many hundreds of cultures from many substrata and all parts of 

 the world. 



Unless segregation under a specific name is supported by adequate 

 morphological and reproducible cultural data, there is no way to identify 

 the organisms intended. Applying these criteria, no reasons are seen for 

 the use of the following specific designations: 



A. wehmeri Constantin and Lucet, in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. (IX) 2: 162. 1905. 



A. variabilis Gasperini, in Atti. Soc. Toscana Nat. Sci. Pisa Mon. 8, fasc. 2: 326. 

 1887. 



A. pseudo-flavus Saito, in Centralb. Bakt. etc., 2 Abt., 18, No. 1/2, p. 34, figs. 15-18. 

 1907, or its synonym S. pseudc-flava (Saito) Sacc, in Syll. 22: 1260. 1913. 



A. siebenmanni Constantin and Lucet, in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. (IX) 2: 162. 1905, 

 is a bibliographic species based upon an organism isolated from the human ear and 

 diagnosed by Siebenmann (Zeitsch. f. Ohrenheilk 12: 1883) as A. flavus. The de- 

 scribes regarded it as a separate species based only upon the description given by 

 Siebenmann. 



A. gymnosardae Yukawa, in Jour. Col. Imp. Univ. Tokoyo 1: 362, PI. 18, figs. 1-7. 

 1911. A member of the A. flavus-oryzae group with measurements intermediate 

 between more typical representatives of the two species. 



A. Ihomii Graff, nomen nudum, a heavy sclerotium-producing strain distributed 

 by Graff but never described. No diagnostic basis for the name was presented. 



A. pollinis Howard, in Am. Bee Jour. 36: 577-578. 1896, was discussed as an or- 

 ganism causing "pickled brood and bee paralysis" (See also idem. 38: 530-531. 1898). 

 Turesson (Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 11: 30. 1917) decided the mold was A. flavus. 



Aspergillus parasiticus Speare, in Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Exp. Sta., 



Path, and Physiol. Ser. Bui. 12, p. 38, pi. 3-4. 1912. See 



Thorn and Church, The Aspergilli, p. 203. 1926. 



Colonies on Czapek's solution agar with sucrose spreading rapidly, 

 forming a surface growth of crowded conidiophores with very few sterile 



