MANUAL OF THE GRASSES OF THE UNITED STATES 



535 



grass. About 1907 it was distributed from the Toowoomba Botanic 

 Gardens, Queensland. Stapf, of Kew Gardens, identified this grass 

 as P. bulbosa L. Hackel described it as a distinct species, P. sten- 

 optera. It has been grown at the California Experiment Station, and 



Is 





Figure 1127. — Pkalaris californica. Plant, 

 X 1; spikelet and floret, X 5. (Heller 

 6677, Calif.) 



Figure 1128.— Phalaris arundinacea. Plant, X 1; 

 glumes and floret, X 5. (Chase 7583, Md.) 



the above description was drawn from a plant supplied by Professor 

 Kennedy from the University Farm at Davis, the seed being from 

 South Africa. This differs from the typical P. tuberosa of the Med- 

 iterranean region in having short vertical or ascending, sometimes 

 branching rhizomes, the base of the culms little or not at 

 all swollen. It has been called Harding grass. Burbank 

 has distributed it as P. stenophylla (error for stenoptera), 

 calling it Peruvian winter grass. Tins species has been 



called P. bulbosa, but the true P. 



bulbosa L. is a species of Phleum 



(P. tenue Schrad.; P. bulbosum 



(L.) Richt.). 



TRIBE 9. ORYZEAE 



111. ORYZA L. Rice 



Figure 1129.— Distribution of 

 Phalaris arundinacea. 



Spikelets 1 -flowered, laterally 

 compressed, disarticulating below 

 the glumes; glumes 2, much shorter than the lemma, figure ma- 

 narrow; lemma rigid, keeled, 5-nerved, the outer nerves rwava£rfe»- 

 near the margin, the apex sometimes awned; palea similar (M^craryl 

 to the lemma, narrower, keeled, with a median bundle n. c.) 

 but with no strong midnerve on the back, 2-nerved close to the 

 margins. Annual or sometimes perennial swamp grasses, often tall, 

 with flat blades and spikelets in open panicles. Type species, 

 Oryza sativa. Name from oruza, old Greek name for rice. 



