MANUAL OF THE GRASSES OF THE UNITED STATES 787 



(2) Aira caryophyllea L., Sp. PI. 66. 1753. Europe. 



Avena caryophyllea Wigg., Prim. Fl. Hols. 10. 1780. Based on Aira caryo- 

 phyllea L. 

 Agrostis caryophyllea Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. 25. 1796. Based on Aira caryo- 

 phyllea L. 

 Airopsis caryophyllea Fries, Nov. Fl. Suec. ed. 2. Cont. 3: 180. 1842. Based 



on Aira caryophyllea L. 

 Caryophyllea airoides Opiz, Sezn. Rostl. Ceske 1 27. 1852. Based on Aira 



caryophyllea L. 

 Fussia caryophyllea Schur, Enum. PI. Transsilv. 754. 1866. Based on Aira 



caryophyllea L. 

 Airella caryophyllea Dum., Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 7 1 : 68. 1868. Based on 



Aira caryophyllea L. 

 Salmasia vulgaris Bubani, Fl. Pyr. 4: 316. 1901. Based on Aira caryophyllea L. 

 Aspris caryophyllea Nash, in Britt. and Brown, Illustr. Fl. ed. 2. 1: 214. 



1913. Based on Aira caryophyllea L. 

 (1) Aira praecox L., Sp. PI. 65. 1753. Europe. 



Agrostis praecox Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. 24. 1796. Based on Aira praecox L. 

 Avena praecox Beauv.-, Ess. Agrost. 89, 154. 1812. Based on Aira praecox L. 

 Trisetum praecox Dum., Obs. Gram. Belg. 122. pi. 8. f. 30. 1823. Based on 



Aira praecox L. 

 Airopsis praecox Fries, Nov. Fl. Suec. ed. 2. Cont. 3: 180. 1842. Based on 



Aira praecox L. 

 Caryophyllea praecox Opiz, Sezn. Rostl. Ceske 27. 1852. Based on Aira 



praecox L. 

 Fussia praecox Schur, Enum. PL Transsilv. 754. 1866. Based on Aira 



praecox L. 

 Airella praecox Dum., Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 7 1 : 68. 1868. Based on Aira 



praecox L. 

 Salmasia praecox Bubani, Fl. Pyr. 4: 316. 1901. Based on Aira praecox L. 

 Aspris praecox Nash, in Britt. and Brown, Illustr. Fl. ed. 2. 1: 215. 1913. 



Based on Aira praecox L. 



(69) ALOPECURUS L. 



(5) Alopecurus aequalis Sobol., Fl. Petrop. 16. 1799. Greece. 



Alopecurus aristulatus Michx., Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 43. 1803. Canada, Michaux. 

 Alopecurus fulvus J. E. Smith, in Sowerby, English Bot. 21: pi. 1467. 1805. 



England. 

 Alopecurus subaristatus Pers., Syn. PI. 1: 80. 1805. Canada. 

 Alopecurus geniculatus var. natans Wahl., Fl. Lapp. 22. 1812. Lapland. 

 Alopecurus geniculatus var. aristulatus Torr., Fl. North, and Mid. U.S. 1: 97. 



1823. Based on A. aristulatus Michx. 

 Alopecurus caespitosus Trim, Gram. Icon. 3: pi. 241. 1836. North America, 



[type, Northwest America, Douglas]. 

 Alopecurus geniculatus var. fulvus Schrad., Linnaea 12: 424. 1838. Based on 



A. fulvus J. E. Smith. 

 Alopecurus geniculatus var. robustus Vasey, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 15: 13. 



1888. Vancouver Island, Macoun. 

 Alopecurus howellii var. merrimani Beal, Grasses N.Amer. 2: 278. 1896. 



Pribilof Islands, Alaska, "C. H. Merriman" [error for Mcrriam\. 

 Alopecurus howellii var. merriami Beal; Macoun, in Jordan, Fur Seals North 



Pacif. 3: 573. 1899. (Correction of var. merrimani Beal.) 

 Alopecurus aristulatus var. natans Simmons, Arkiv Bot. 6 17 : 4. 1907. Based 



on A. geniculatus var. natans Wahl. 

 Tozzettia fulva Lunell, Amer. Midi. Nat. 4: 216. 1915. Based on Alopecurus 



fulvus J. E. Smith. 

 Alopecurus artistulatus var. merriami St. John, Canada Dept. Mines Mem. 



126: 42. 1922. Based on A. howellii var. merriami Beal. 

 Alopecurus aequalis var. natans Fernald, Rhodora 27: 198. 1925. Based on 



Alopecurus geniculatus var. natans Wahl. 



(3) Alopecurus alpinus J. E. Smith, in Sowerby, English Bot. pi. 1126. 1803. 



Scotland. 



? Alopecurus borealis Trim, Fund. Agrost. 58. 1820. Asia and North America. 



Alopecurus occidentalis Scribn. and Tweedy, Bot. Gaz. 11: 170. 1886. Yel- 

 lowstone National Park, Tweedy. _ I 



Alopecurus behringianus Gandog., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66 7 : 298. 1920. 

 St. Paul Island, Alaska, Macoun. 



