VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE YANGTZE VALLEY 



18b. Fr. an achene. 



Fls. solitary or few: fr. an aggregation of achenes. 60. 

 Fls. many, in a dense head or spike: fr. a solitary 

 achene, closely surrounded by the calyx tube. 

 16b. Fr. a follicle, capsule, berry or drupe. 

 19a. Perianth absent. 



Lvs. alternate: fls. in a dense spike, subtended by 

 one or more showy white or cream-colored 



leaf -like or petaloid bracts: herbs 34. 



Lvs. opposite: fls. not subtended by showy bracts: 



herbs or shrubs 35. 



19b. Perianth present. 

 20a. Floral envelope deciduous, sometimes none: fr. 



flattened, 2-seeded: lvs. alternate 



20b. Floral envelope persistent. 

 21a. Perianth herbaceous: fr. a many-seeded 5-celled 



capsule : lvs. alternate 



21b. Perianth petal-like. 

 22a. Herbs or woody vines. 

 23a. Lvs. alternate. 



A stout erect herb: fr. a berry 52. 



A woody vine: fr. a 5-ribbed achene 



23b. Lvs. opposite or whorled. 



Fr. indehiscent, enclosed by the base of the 



perianth 53. 



Fr. dehiscent, not enclosed 54. 



22b. Trees or shrubs. 



Stamens distinct: ovary 1-celled, 1-seeded: fr. 

 a drupe. 

 Anthers opening by valves: perianth 6- 



parted, without petals 69. 



Anthers opening by slits: perianth tubular.. .119. 

 Stamens united into a tube: carpels separate 



below, becoming follicles in f r 108. 



4b. Ovary inferior. 

 24a. Shrubs or trees. 



Lf. blades covered with silvery or brown scales, alternate.. 120. 

 Lf. blades not scaly. 



Lvs. alternate: fr. a woody capsule 78. 



Lvs. opposite: shrubs, parasitic on trees: fr. a 1-seeded 



berry or drupe 47. 



24b. Herbs or vines. 



Plants aquatic or of marshes, with lfy. stems and many 



minute fls 129. 



Plants terrestrial, of grassland or moist woods: lvs. alter- 

 nate or basal. 

 Low branching herbs with narrow linear lvs.: fls. small, 



3-5 mm. long : parasitic on roots 45. 



Acaulescent herbs or vines with broad cordate lvs.: fls. 



large, 2-3 cm. long 48. 



lb. Perianth of two whorls: both calyx and corolla present, or the 



perianth petaloid. 

 25a. Fls. unisexual; plants monoecious or dioecious. 

 26a. Lvs. pinnately compound. 



10 



Ranunculaceae 

 Sanguisorba 



Saururaceae 

 Chloranthaceae 



Lepidium 



Penthorum 



Phytolaccaceae 

 Bougainvillea 



Nyctaginaceae 

 Aizoaceae 



Lauraceae 

 T/iymelaeaceae 



Sterculiaceae 



Elaeagnaceae 



Hamamellidaceae 



Loranthaceae 



Haloragidaceae 



Santalaceae 



Aristolochiaceae 



