Taxus TAXACEAE-CEPHALOTAXACEAE Podocarpus 



surrounded by a fleshy aril which is often brightly colored. 3 genera with about 15 

 species, widely distributed; 2 genera with 4 or 5 species in China. 



Key to the Genera 



Seed surrounded by a scarlet fleshy cup-shaped aril, not covered at the tip; 



endosperm smooth : stamens globular 1 . Taxus 



Seed plum-like, completely covered by a green or purplish aril; endosperm 



ruminate: stamens oblong 2. Torreya 



1. Taxus Linn. Yew %&% (Tzu Shan Shu; Purple Fir Genus) 



Lvs. usually falcate, 2-4 cm. long: the bony seed partly enclosed by a red fleshy 

 aril. 8 species, in the northern hemisphere; 2 in China. (The Latin name.) 



1. Taxus chinensis (Pilger) Rehd. Chinese Yew ^LsM (Hung Tou Shan; Red 

 Bean Fir) (R.M. 3). Tree, to 15 m.; fls. Ill; fr. IX. Central and western China; 

 locally in An., Che., Ki., Ku. Moist shaded forest. Fig. 33. 



2. Torreya Am. Tumion MM (Fei Shu) 

 Lvs. with the two glaucous lines beneath narrower than the three green bands: 

 single ovule surrounded by a fleshy aril and a few scales: seed 3-4 cm. long: re- 

 sembling Cephalotaxus, but with shorter lvs. 6 species, in North America and eastern 

 Asia; 3 in China. (For John Torrey, 1796-1875, American botanist.) 



1 . Torreya grandis Fortune Chinese Tumion MWs (Fei Shu) (R.M. 4). Tree, to 25 m. ; 

 fr. purplish red, IX; "nut" edible. Eastern China; locally in An., Che. Wood- 

 land. 



29. PODOCARPACEAE Podocarpus Family ftffif4 (Chu Pai K'o) 

 Trees or shrubs with needle-like (rarely scale-like) or linear to broadly oblong 

 evergreen lvs.: stamens with anthers 2-celled: ovule solitary: fr. drupe-like (ours), a 

 seed surrounded by a fleshy aril, often on a fleshy receptacle. 7 genera with over 

 100 species, in warm regions, mostly of the southern hemisphere; 1 genus and 5 or 

 6 species in China. 



1. Podocarpus Pers. Yellow Wood Yjt&M (Chu Pai Shu; Bamboo Cedar Genus). 

 Lvs. lanceolate to linear: seed drupe-like, borne on a fleshy receptacle. About 60 

 species, widely distributed; 6 in China. (Greek: podos, foot; and karpos, fruit. 



Key to the Species 



Lvs. linear-lanceolate, obtusish, 4-7 cm. long 1 . P. macrophylla 



Lvs. lanceolate or narrow-lanceolate, long-acuminate, 6-12 cm. long 2. P. neriifolia 



1. Podocarpus macrophylla (Thunb.) Lamb. var. maki Endl. BM& (Lo Han Sung; 

 Disciples-of-Buddha Pine) (R.M. 6). Tree, to 20 m.; fls. IV; fr. purple, berry-like, 

 X; lvs. linear. China; locally in An., Che., Ki., Ku. Planted, ornamental. Fig. 34. 



2. Podocarpus neriifolia D. Don "§"0^ (Pai Jih Ch'ing; Green-for-one-hundred days) 

 (Chen 15). Tree, to 20m.; fls. V. East-central China; locally in An., Ki., Ku. 

 Planted, ornamental. 



30. CEPHALOTAXACEAE Plum-Yew Family H^f4 (San 



Chien Shan K'o) 



Trees or shrubs with opposite brts. and linear spirally attached lvs. arranged in 



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