Ulmus ULMACEAE Pteroceltis 



Lvs. 3-nerved at the base: fr. a globose drupe. 

 Veins of the If. curving inward before the margin : fertile fls. 



perfect 6. Celtis 



Veins of the If. ending in the teeth : fertile fls. unisexual 7. Aphananthe 



1. Ulmus Linn. Elm %wM (Yii Shu) 



Trees with scaly or deeply furrowed bark: lvs. deciduous, pinna tely veined: fls. 

 perfect, in the spring before the lvs., or in the autumn: fr. a 1-seeded oval samara. 

 18 species, in north temperate regions; 12 in China. (The Latin name.) 



Key to the Species 



a. Fls. appearing in the spring before the lvs.; calyx lobes short: brts 

 glabrous or nearly so. 

 Fls. on slender pedicels 1-2 cm. long, drooping: fr. ciliate on the 



margin: lvs. 7-15 cm. long, unequal at the base 1. U. americana 



Fls. short-pedicelled, not pendulous: fr. not ciliate. 



Lvs. 5-10 cm. long, doubly serrate, unequal at the base: fr. about 



2 cm. long, densely pubescent in the notch 2. U. davidiava 



Lvs. 3-5 cm. long, simply serrate, equal at the base: fr. about 



1 .5 cm. long, glabrous 3. U. pumila 



aa. Fls. appearing in the autumn in the axils of the lvs.; calyx divided 



beyond the middle: brts. pubescent: lvs. smaller 4. U. parvifolia 



1. Ulmus americana Linn. American Elm iS^j (Mei Kuo Yii) (R.M.175). Tree, 

 to 40 m.; fls. Ill; fr. V. Introduced from eastern North America; locally in Ku. 

 Planted, ornamental. 



2. Ulmus davidiana Planch. Black Elm Mfgj (Hei Yii) (R.M.178). Tree; fls. Ill; 

 fr. V. Northern and central China; locally in An., Ku. Woodland. 



3. Ulmus pumila Linn. Siberian Elm gfi (Pai Yii; White Elm) (R.M.181). Tree, 

 to 15m.; fls. II— III ; fr. III. Northern and central China, Turkestan; locally in 

 Ki., Ku. Woodland. 



4. Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. Chinese Elm M^k (Lang Yii) (R.M.181). Tree, to 15 m.; 

 fls. IX; fr. X. Northeastern Asia; locally in An., Che., Hun., Hup., Ki., Ku. 

 Woodland. Fig. 58. 



2. Hemiptelea Planch. MfitM (Tzii Yii Shu) 



Deciduous tree with spiny brs.: lvs. pinnately nerved and serrate: fls. poly- 

 gamous: fr. an obliquely -ivinged nutlet. One species, in northeastern Asia. (Greek: 

 hemi, half; and ptelea, the old name for elm; referring to the shape of the winged fr.) 

 1. Hemiptelea davidii (Hance) Planch. ftjft (Tzu Yii; Thorny Elm) (R.M.182). 



Shrub, to 5 m.; fls. IV-V; fr. X. Northern and central China, Manchuria, Korea; 



locally in An., Che., Hun., Ki., Ku. Roadside thickets. Fig. 59. 



3. Pteroceltis Maxim. WffiM (Ch'ing T'an Shu) 



Deciduous tree: lvs. 3-nerved from the base: fls. monoecious: fr. a broadly 

 ivinged nutlet; wing notched at the apex of the fr. One species, in China. (Greek: 

 pteron, wing; and celtis; referring to the winged fr. by which it differs from 

 Celtis.) 



1. Pteroceltis tatarinowii Maxim. WM (Ch'ing T'an; Green Dalbergia) (R.M.183). 

 Tree, to 20m.; fr. VII. Northern and central China; locally in An., Hup., Ku. 



83 



