(ronostegia UkTICACEAE-OLACACEAE Thesium 



Southeastern Asia, Australia; locally in An., Che., Ki., Ku., Hup. Brushland. 

 Fig. 69. 



4. Nanocnide Blume tk&^M (Hua Tien Ts'ao Shu) 

 Herbaceous annuals with stinging hairs: lvs. alternate: monoecious: fl. clusters 

 cymose, unisexual, solitary in the If. axils. 2 species, in eastern Asia; one in China. 

 (Latin: nanus, dwarf; and Greek: knide, nettle.) 

 1. Nanocnide japonica Blume it^W- (Hua Tien Ts'ao; Flower-dot Herb) (Mak. F. 

 645). Spreading herb, 1-2 dm. high; fls. 1V-V; pistillate perianth 4-parted. 

 China, Japan; locally in An., Ku. Moist shaded places. Fig. 70. 



5. Pilea Lindl. Richweed ^SM (Mei Tou Shu; Beautiful Bean Genus) 



Herbs: lvs. opposite, usually 3-nerved: fls. in axillary cymes; perianth segments 

 of pistillate fls. unequal, the dorsal one longest. 170 species, widely distributed in 

 tropical regions; 20 in China. (Latin: pileus, a felt cap of the Romans, referring to 

 a characteristic of the fls. in the original species.) 



Key to the Species 



Slender herb, 5-15 cm. high : lvs. entire or faintly serrate 1 . P. henryana 



Robust plants, woody at the base, 50-60 cm. high : lvs coarsely serrate and 

 with long slender tips. 



Terminal lobe of If. straight, 8-12 mm. long 2. P. haraaoi 



Terminal lobe of If. falcate, 15-30 mm. long 3. P. notata 



1. Pilea henryana C.H. Wright (B.G. 1:20). Herb, 5-15 cm. high; fls. VII-IX. 

 China; locally in An., Che., Ki. Damp shaded banks. 



2. Pilea hamaoi Mak. (Mak. F. 644). Herb, to 5dm.; fr. X. Japan, China; locally 

 in Ku. Moist shaded places. 



3. Pilea notata C.H. Wright (F.H.E. 3:476). Suffruticose, to 5 dm.; fls. white, VII. 

 Central China; locally in An., Che., Ki. Shaded streamsides. 



45. SANTALACEAE Sandalwood Family WM& (T'an Hsiang K'o; 



Fragrant Wood Family) 



Herbs (ours), shrubs or trees: lvs. alternate, entire: calyx tube joined to the 

 ovary: fr. 1-seeded. 25 genera with 250 species, in temperate and tropical regions; 

 4 genera and 6 species in China. Included here is the sandalwood of commerce. 



1. Thesium Linn. 'i\iH'^M (Pai Jui Ts'ao Shu) 

 Mostly herbaceous root parasites: lvs. narrow, 1-3-nerved: fls. bisexual, solitary 

 and axillary; calyx tube joined to the ovary, the lobes extending above it. About 

 100 species, mostly in the Old World tropics; 2 in China. 

 1. Thesium chinense Turcz. IS'^r- (Pai Jui Ts'ao; Hundred-bud Herb) (Mak. F. 

 638). Herb, 1-3 dm. high; fls. greenish white, V; fr. VI-VIII; semi-parasitic on 

 roots. China, Japan; locally in Ku., Che. Grassland. Fig. 71. 



46. OLACACEAE Olax Family V/)i^f4 (Ch'ing P'i Mu K'o) 



Trees or shrubs with alternate simple entire lvs.: fls. bisexual; petals present, 

 sometimes cleft; stamens 3-12: fr. a drupe, surrounded by the enlarged calyx. 26 

 genera with 130 species, mostly in tropical regions; 3 genera and 6 species in China. 



92 



