Ceratophylium CERATOPHYLLACEAE-NYMPHAEACEAE Nymphaea 



1. Ceratophylium demersum Linn. Hornwort &&M (Chin Yii Tsao; Goldfish 

 Water Plant) (G.M.636). Submersed herb; fr. VII-VIII; If. segments serrate. Warm 

 and temperate regions; locally in Ku. Ponds and slow streams. Fig. 101. 



59. NYMPHAEACEAE Water Lily Family gi£f4 (Shui Lien K'o) 

 Aquatic herbs with cordate or peltate floating (except in Nclumbo) Ivs.: fls. 

 large, solitary; perianth showing a transition from sepals to petals: lvs. and fls. long- 

 stalked: stamens numerous; ovary and fr. compound, from the union of several 

 carpels. 8 genera with about 50 species, in all temperate and tropical regions; 3 

 genera and 6 species in China. 



Key to the Genera 

 A. Plants densely prickly: carpels buried in the receptacle; fls. reddish 



purple 1 • Euryale 



AA. Plants not prickly. 



Fr. a leathery berry. 

 Petals very small and stamen-like; stamens inserted under the 



ovary; fls. yellow 2. Nuphar 



Petals large, numerous; stamens inserted on top of the ovary; fls. 



white or pink 3. Nymphaea 



Fr. flat-topped, the 1 -seeded carpels embedded separately in the re- 

 ceptacle.: fls. rose-colored or white 4. Nelumbo 



1. Euryale Salisb. '%'MM (Ch'ien Shih Shu) 



A coarse prickly aquatic herb: lvs. floating, the largest in our flora, sometimes 

 / m. in diam., heavily corrugated ivith spiny ribs and purplish beneath: fls. violet 

 purple, mostly enclosed by 4 persistent sepals; carpels buried in the receptacle: seeds 

 8-20, edible. One species, in Eastern Asia, closely allied to the famous Victoria 

 regia of tropical America which has lvs. 2 m. in diam. (From a Greek word.) 



1. Euryale ferox Salisb. ^MWM (Ch'ien Shih, Chi T'ou; Chicken Head) (Mak. F. 

 578). Coarse aquatic herb; fls. purplish red, VIMX; fr. X-XI. Eastern Asia; 

 locally in An., Ku. Ponds and shallow lakes. Fig. 102. 



2. Nuphar Sm. WWlMM (P'ing P'eng Ts'ao Shu; Floating Mat Genus) 



Aquatic herbs with thick cylindric horizontal rootstocks and large floating lvs.; 

 blades with a deep sinus: fls. showy, yelloiv or purplish; sepals 5-6, concave, 

 petaloid; petals many, small, stamen-like, hypogynous; stamens many, inserted under 

 the superior ovary; carpels several, united into a compound ovary: fr. ovoid, many- 

 seeded. About 8 species, in north temperate regions; 2 in China. (From yiaufar, or 

 nyloufar, the Arabic name of Nymphaea.) 



1. Nuphar pumilum (Timm) DC. (N. minimum Sm.) W^kQ (P'ing P'eng Ts'ao; 

 Floating-mat Herb) (Mak. F. 579). Aquatic herb; fls. yellow, IX. Japan, China; 

 locally in An., Che. Ponds and slow streams. 



3. Nymphaea Linn. Water Lily HMMM (Shui Lien Shu) 

 Aquatic herbs with floating lvs. from creeping rhizomes: fls. showy, white, 

 yellow, pink, red or blue, floating; petals large and numerous: fr. a spongy berry 

 ripening under water. 20 species, in most temperate and tropical countries; 2 in 

 China. (Latin: Nymphae, the water nymphs.) 



114 



