Sawmsorba ROSACEAE PoUmttita 



shaped: carpels superior, numerous, borne on the outside of the central column, or 

 on the inside of the urn-shaped hypanthium. 



5. Sanguisorba Linn. Burnet i&HcM (Ti Yii Shu) 

 Polygamous or dioecious perennial herbs with alternate pinnately compound lvs. : 



fls small, in a dense terminal spike or head at the top of a long naked peduncle; 

 petals none: fr. usually a single achene enclosed in the 4-angled calyx tube. 35 

 species, in the north temperate zone; 4 in China. (Latin: sanguis, blood; and 

 sorbere, to drink up, referring to the supposed medicinal value of the plant to stop 

 bleeding.) 



1. Sanguisorba officinalis Linn, *feft (Ti Yii; Ground Elm) (G.M.868). Erect herb, 

 to Ira.; fls. reddish purple, VII-VIII; spikes ovoid. Eurasia; locally in An., Ki., 

 Ku. Meadows and grassland. Fig. 153. 



6. Rhodotypus Sieb. & Zucc. |&f#M (Chi Ma Shu) 



A deciduous shrub with simple opposite serrate lvs.: fls. solitary, white, 3-5 cm. 

 in diam.; sepals and petals usually 4; stamens numerous; carpels 4, becoming black 

 drupes in fr., and surrounded by the large persistent calyx. One species, in eastern 

 Asia. (Greek: rhodon, rose; and typon, type.) 



1 Rhodotypus scandens (Thunb.) Mak. ||j# (Chi Ma; Chicken Hemp) (R.M.407). 

 Shrub, to 5m.; fls. white, IV-V; fr. black, X. Japan, Central China; locally in 

 An., Ku. Planted, ornamental. 



7. Kerria DC. ^7fcJ§ (Ti T'ang Hua Shu) 

 A deciduous shrub with simple alternate serrate lvs. : fls. solitary, yellow, 3-5 cm. 

 across; sepals and petals 5; stamens many; carpels 5-8, becoming achenes in fr. 

 One species, in China. (Named for Wm. Kerr, gardener and collector of Kew. died 

 1814.) 



1. Kerria japonica (L.) DC. m&fc (Ti T'ang Hua; Older-brother Flower) (R.M.406). 

 Shrub, to Ira.; fls. yellow, IV; fr. VIII. China; locally in An., Che., Ki., Ku. 

 Planted, ornamental, and woodland. Fig. 154. 



8. Agrimonia Linn. Agrimony ft^CM (Lung Ya Ts'ao Shu) 

 Perennial herbs with pinnately compound lvs. : fls. in slender spike-like racemes, 



with 3-cleft bracts; petals 5, yellow; stamens 5-15; calyx tube hemispherical, obcomc 

 or turbinate, with hooked bristles at the top, in fr. enclosing the two achenes, 5-lobed 

 at the top. 15 species, mostly of north temperate regions; one in China. (An old 

 Latin name.) 



1. Agrimonia eupatoria Linn, fi^ (Lung Ya Ts'ao; Dragon-tooth Plant) (G.M. 

 867). Herb, 5-10 dm. high; fls. yellow, VII-VIII; fr. VIII-IX. North temperate 

 zone; locally in An., Che., Hon., Ki., Ku. Waste ground. Fig. 155. 



9. Potentilla Linn. Five-finger ^[^jgM (Wei Ling Ts'ai Shu) 



Herbs and shrubs with compound lvs. and solitary or clustered fls.: calyx flat, 

 5-cleft, with bractlets in the sinuses alternating with the calyx lobes; petals 5, yellow 

 or white; stamens many: receptacle dry in fr. bearing many small achenes. Over 



161 



