Viola VIOLACEAE Viola 



stout erect leafy stems: fls. smaller, 10- 



12 mm. long, white or pale blue 14. V. micrantha 



Stipules remotely cleft or nearly entire: fls. 



small, 7-10 mm. long, white 15. V. trianguli folia 



gg. Stipules large and herbaceous, pinnately cut near the 



base: fls. large, to 5cm. in diam 16. V. tricolor 



var. hortense 



1. Viola cordifolia W. Bckr. (K.B. 1929:201). Stemless herb ; fr. X. China; locally 

 in Ku. Shaded banks. 



2. Viola rossii Hemsl. (F.H.E. 1:54). Stemless herb. China, Korea; locally in 

 Ki., Ku. 



3. Viola lactiflora Nakai (V. limprichtiana W. Bckr.) (Bo.Ma.T. 28:329). Stemless 

 herb, to 10cm.; fls. white, III. Korea, China; locally in Ku. Moist grassland. 



4. Viola philippica Cav. Chinese Violet f*r/£}[i}y (Tzu Hua Ti Ting; Purple- 

 flowered Earth-nail) (Ph. J. 19:719). Stemless herb, to 1.5 dm.; fls. purple, IV. 

 East Indies, Philippines, eastern Asia; locally in An., Che., Ki., Ku. Damp 

 grassland. 



Becker has described two subspecies of V. philippica distinguished mainly by their leaf 

 form, namely: 



4a. Viola philippica Cav. ssp. munda W. Bckr. (Ph. J. 19:722). Leaf blades mostly lanceolate 



or oblong. 

 4b. Viola philippica Cav. ssp. malesica W. Bckr. (Ph. J. 19:720). Leaf blades broader and 



somewhat shorter. 



Handel-Mazzetti (Symb. Sin. 7:375) has recognized these subspecies. The present writer 

 has found such great variation in leaf form among the specimens of V. philippica that he has 

 had difficulty in separating them. 



5. Viola chaerophylloides (Reg.) W. Bckr. var. sieboldiana (Max.) Mak. (V. pin- 

 nata Linn. var. sieboldiana Maxim.) i^!!^ (Hu Chin Ts'ao; Mongolian Violet) 

 (Be.Bo.Ce. 40(2):121). Stemless herb, to 3dm. Northeastern Asia; locally in 

 Ki. Damp, woodland. 



6. Viola alata Burgsd. ssp. verecunda (A. Gray) W. Bckr. (Be.Bo.Ce. 34(2): 227). 

 Creeping herb with slender stolons; fls. pale violet, III-IV, 10mm. long. North- 

 eastern Asia; locally in Hun. Ditch banks and swampy fields. 



7. Viola moupinensis (Franch.) Franch. (Fra.D.II. 20). Stemless herb, to 1.5 dm.; 

 fls. white, not fragrant, IV. China; locally in Ku. Grassland. 



8. Viola odorata Linn. Garden Violet (B.M. 685). Tufted stoloniferous herb; fls. 

 violet to white, fragrant. Introduced from Europe; locally in Ku. Planted, orna- 

 mental. 



9. Viola kiangsiensis W. Bckr. (Fe.R. 21:321). Stoloniferous herb; fls. pale violet, 

 IV. China; locally in Ki. Shady places. 



10. Viola canescens Wall. (Don 1:324). Stoloniferous herb, to 1dm.; fls. purple. 

 Eastern China; locally in Ku. Damp ground. 



11. Viola diffusa Ging. var. brevisepala W. Bckr. Wood Violet (K.B. 1928:251). 

 Stoloniferous herb; fls. lavender, IV; stipules lanceolate. East-central China; 

 locally in An., Hun., Ki., Ku. Damp woodland. 



12. Viola stewardiana W. Bckr. (Fe.R. 21:237). Erect herb, to 2 dm.; fr. VII. 

 East-central China; locally in An., Ki. Brushland, meadows. 



262 



