Changium UMBELLIFERAE Angelica 



bractlets; fls. ivhite, in compound umbels; the lateral umbels often sterile: fr. sub- 

 orbicular, constricted at the commissure; the ribs indistinct. A single species, of 

 southeastern China. (Named for T.S. Chang who collected the type species in 

 Chekiang.) 



1. Changium smyrnioides Wolff ffl'%^ (Min Tang Seng) (Fe.R. 19:315). Glaucous 

 subscapose perennial, to 1.5m.; fls. white. Southeastern China; locally in An., 

 Che., Ku. Medicinal. 



19. Cnidium Cusson fy&JMM (She Ch'uang Shu) 

 Branched annual or perennial herbs with pinnately dissected lvs.: fls. white or 

 rose-tinged, in compound many-rayed umbels; petals notched or bilobed: fr. small 

 (to 3 mm. long), ovoid or oblong, flattened dorsally; the ribs all about equally corky- 

 ivinged. About 20 species, in Eurasia; 6 in China. 

 1. Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson (Selinum monnieri Linn.) ^cM (She Ch'uang; Snake- 

 bed) (Hegi 5(2): 1304). Erect annual, to 5 dm.; fls. white, VII-VIII. Northern 

 Asia; locally in An., Hup., Ki., Ku. Grassland. 



20. Heracleum Linn. Cow-parsnip 7t±^'J#M (Hua T'u Tan Kuei Shu) 



Robust pubescent perennial herbs with ridged hollow stems up to 5 cm. in diam. 

 at the base: lvs. ternate: infl. in compound umbels; involucre deciduous or none; 

 rays about 15, unequal; fls. white or pinkish; marginal fls. radiant; calyx teeth 

 obsolete: fr. 5-10 mm. long, with broad lateral wings and externally visible oil tubes. 

 About 60 species, north temperate zone; several in China. (Greek: Heraklees, Her- 

 cules.) 

 1. Heracleum tiliifolium Wolff (Fe.R. 33:80). Stout herb, to 1.5 m.; fls. white. 



East-central China; locally in Ki. Brushland. 



21. Pastinaca Linn. Parsnip M.MM (Lu Fu Shu) 



Stout tall biennial or perennial herbs with thick roots and pinnately compound 

 lvs.: fls. yellow or red, in compound umbels; involucels wanting: fr. glabrous, oval 

 or oblong, strongly flattened dorsally; the lateral ribs broadly winged. About 12 

 species, in Eurasia; one cultivated in China. (Latin: pastus, food.) 



1. Pastinaca sativa Linn. Parsnip MM (Lu Fu; Reed-turnip) (B.M. 752). Stout 

 biennial; fls. yellow, VI; fr. VII-VIII. Europe, introduced in Ku. Cultivated, 

 root vegetable. 



22. Angelica Linn. W(£M (Tu Ho Shu; The-one-living Genus) 



Stout perennials with compound lvs. : fls. ivhite or rose-tinged, in large compound 

 terminal umbels with scant involucres but prominent involucels: fr. oval to orbicular, 

 strongly flattened dorsally; the lateral ribs broadly ivinged, and the dorsal ribs also 

 prominent. About 50 species, in the northern hemisphere; 25 in China. (Named 

 angelic for its strengthening and healing properties.) 



Key to the Species 



Plants very stout: Ifts. serrate; upper stem lvs. reduced to conspicu- 

 ously inflated sheaths: ovaries tomentose 1. A. dahurica 



Plants slender: Ifts. lobed; upper stem lvs. few or inconspicuous: 



ovaries glabrous 2. A. grosseserrata 



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